Lower Limb Flashcards
The femoral vein is an upward continuation of what , at what
Popliteal vein
At the adductor hiatus
Tributaries of the femoral vein
1.Great saphenous vein
2.Profunda femoris vein
3.Medial and lateral circumflex femoral vein
4.deep external pudendal vein
5. Direct muscular tributes
Largest muscle in extensor compartment of thigh
Quadriceps femoris
Course of the femoral vein
Begins :lower end of adductor canal
Ascends in adductor canal
Enter femoral triangle
Transverse the intermediate compartment of femoral sheath
Continues as external iliac vein behind the inguinal ligament medial to the midinguial point
Longest cutaneous nerve in the body
Saphenous nerve
How does the femoral artery enter the femoral triangle
Behind the inguinal ligament at midinguinal point
Course of femoral artery
Runs downward and medially successively thro the femoral triangle and adductor canal
At lower end of adductor canal
Leaves the thigh thro the adductor hiatus ( a tendinous opening in the adductor magnus )
To enter popliteal fossa where it continues as the popliteal artery
Femoral artery branch of
External iliac artery
Branches of the femoral artery in the femoral triangle
Three superficial
Three deep branches
Branches in the adductor canal
- Muscular branches
- Descending genicular artery
Three superficial branches of the femoral artery
Superficial epigastric artery
Superficial external pudendal artery
Superficial circumflex iliac artery
Three deep branches of femoral artery
Profunda femoris artery
Deep external pudendal artery
Muscular branches
Course of deep external pudendal artery
Arises below the sexpa.
Passes medially deep to the spermatic cord or round ligament of uterus
Supplies the scrotum or labium majus
Course of descending genicular artery
Leaves canal by descending within substance of vastus medialis
Divides into articular & saphenous branches
Saphenous artery accompanies saphenous nerve ( emerge through roof of adductor canal )
Artery compressed against the
femoral head at the midinguinal point to control the
bleeding in the distal part of the limb.
Femoral artery
Pulsations of the femoral artery felt in
Femoral triangle
where is femoral triangle located
On the front of the upper one third of the thigh
Below the inguinal ligament
Boundaries of the inguinal ligament
Lateral : medial border of sartorius
Medial : medial border of adductor longus
Base : inguinal ligament
Apex : formed by meeting point of 2 borders
Floor : gutter shaped and muscular
( medial to lateral )
1.Adductor longus
2.Pectineus
3.Psoas major (tendon )
4.Illiacus
Roof :fascia Lata with saphenous opening
Superficial fascia and it’s contents
Contents of the femoral triangle
1.Femoral artery & branches
2.Vein & tributaries
3.Femoral nerve
4.Deep inguinal lymph nodes
5.Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
6.Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve
7. Fibrofatty tissue
8. Femoral sheath
Femoral vein and artery relation
Artery passes downward and medially in triangle .
Artery lies lateral to vein at base .
At apex it lies anterior to the vein .
Largest branch of the femoral artery
Profunda femoris
Where does the profunda femoris arise from
Arises :Lateral side of f.artery
3.5cm below inguinal ligament
Course Spirals medially behind vessels
Gives rise to medial and lateral circumflex artery
Medial circumflex disappears between psoas major and pectineus
Lateral b/w anterior and post divisions of femoral nerve
Dex pudendal artery course
Pierces fascia lata
Passes medially behind the spermatic cord
Compartments of the femoral sheath
Divided by
Lateral = femoral artery , femoral branch of genito femoral nerve
Intermediate = vein
Medial = small and known as femoral Canal
By anteroposterior septa
What is also known as femoral canal
Medial compartment of the femoral sheath
What is femoral sheath
Funnel shaped fascial sheath enclosing the upper 3-4 cm of the femoral vessels
Other names of adductor canal
Subartorial canal
Hunter’s Canal
( narrow passage for femoral vessels )
