General Anatomy

Question 1

Functional classification of joints

Answer 1

Based on mobility
1. Immovable (synarthroses)- no mobility
Cranial , 1°cartilaginous
2. Slightly movable (amphiarthroses)
Syndesmoses , 2° cartilaginous
3.freely movable (diarthroses)
Synovial

Question 2

Structural classification of joints (flow chart )

Answer 2

Based on type of connective tissue , presence and absence of joint cavity
1. Fibrous
2. Cartilaginous
3. Synovial

Question 3

Types of fibrous joints
Bones united by fibrous connective tissue

Answer 3

1. Sutures (5types )
2. Syndesmoses
   Eg: interosseous radio-ulnar joint
3. Gomphoses - teeth in alveolar sockets of mandible

Question 4

The characteristic features of synovial joint

Answer 4

1. Articulate surface is covered by hyaline cartilage.
2. Outer fibrous an inner synovial membrane
3. Cavity is lined everywhere except articulated cartilage
4. Cavity is filled by synovial cavity which is secreted by synovial membrane . Provides lubrication

Question 5

Synovial fluid as a lubrication mechanism

Answer 5

Secrets by synovial membrane
Sticky viscous due to hyaluronic acid ( a mucopolysaccharide)
It serves the function of lubrication
Also nourishes the articulate cartilage

Question 6

Only type of cartilage that calcifies in old age

Answer 6

Hyaline cartilage