Lower Limb Flashcards
which compartment of the thigh is sartorius in?
anterior (most superficial)
Origin of sartorius?
ASIS
Insertion of sartorius?
Medial surface of the of the body of the tibia (upper part). It inserts anterior to gracilis and semitendinosus
Nerve supply of sartorius?
Femoral nerve (L2,3 -root values for sartorius)
Action of sartorius?
Flexor of the hip and knee, slight abducts the thigh and rotates it laterally
It assists with medial rotation of the tibia on the femur. For example it would play a pivotal role in placing the right heel onto the left knee ( and vice versa)
Boundaries of the femoral triangle?
superior: inguinal ligament
lateral: sartorius
medial: adductor longus
floor: Iliopsoas, adductor longus and pectineus
roof:Fascia lata and Superficial fascia
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes (palpable below the inguinal ligament)
Long saphenous vein
Contents of the femoral triangle?
Femoral vein (medial to lateral)
Femoral artery-pulse palpated at the mid inguinal point
Femoral nerve
Deep and superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Lateral cutaneous nerve
Great saphenous vein
Femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
Muscular innervation of the deep peroneal nerve?
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Peroneus tertius
Extensor digitorum brevis
Cutaneous innervation of the deep peroneal nerve?
Web space of the first and second toes
Actions of deep peroneal nerve?
Dorsiflexion of ankle joint
Extension of all toes (extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus)
Eversion of the foot
Nerve roots of deep peroneal nerve?
L4, L5, S1, S2
What nerves pass through the greater sciatic foramen?
Sciatic Nerve
Superior and Inferior Gluteal Nerves
Pudendal Nerve
Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris
Nerve to Obturator internus
which vessels pass through the greater sciatic foramen?
Superior Gluteal Artery and vein
Inferior Gluteal Artery and vein
Internal Pudendal Artery and vein
why is piriformis useful?
The piriformis is a landmark for identifying structures passing out of the sciatic notch
what is above piriformis?
Above piriformis: Superior gluteal vessels
what is below piriformis?
Below piriformis: Inferior gluteal vessels, sciatic nerve (10% pass through it, <1% above it), posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Structures passing through the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?
Pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal artery
Nerve to obturator internus
Structures passing through the lesser sciatic foramen?
Tendon of the obturator internus
Pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal artery and vein
Nerve to the obturator internus
Superior and inferior borders of the greater sciatic foramen?
Superior: Anterior sacroiliac ligament
Inferior: Sacrospinous ligament and the ischial spine
Muscles of the anterior compartment of the lower leg?
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Peroneus tertius
Extensor hallucis longus
Anterior tibial artery
Muscles of the peroneal compartment of the lower leg?
peroneus longus
peroneus brevis
Muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the lower leg?
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the lower leg?
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Tibialis posterior
Popliteus
Which nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the lower leg?
Tibial