Lower Limb 1 - Station 2 Flashcards
what is the acetabular labrum
a ring of fibrocartilage surrounding the acetabulum
where is the acetabular labrum most vulnerable to tear
anterior
3 ligaments of hip joint
iliofemoral, pubofemoral and ischifemoral
which ligament(s) of hip joint can be seen posteriorly
ischiofemoral
which ligament(s) of the hip joint can be seen anteriorly
iliofemoral and pubofemoral
which ligament prevents hyperextension
iliofemoral
which ligament prevents hyperabduction
pubofemoral
flexors of the hip joint
iliacus, psoas major and pectineus (also sartorius a bit)
5 anterior thigh muscles
iliacus, psoas major, pectineus, sartorius and quadriceps femoris
4 muscles of the quadriceps femoris
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medius, vastus intermedius
which muscles of quadriceps femoris goes straight up the middle on top of the others
rectus femoris
describe the arrangement of the quadriceps femoris
from medial to lateral, vastus medius, intermedius and lateralis and then on top the rectus femoris
chief flexor of the hip
iliopsoas (iliacus and psoas grouped because they share a tendon to the lesser trochanter)
which muscles of anterior thigh attach to lesser trochanter
psoas major and iliacus
innervation of anterior thigh muscles
all femoral nerve EXPECT the psoas major which is lumbar nerves L1, 2, 3
extensors of the hip
gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, semitendonous and semimembranous
order of hamstrings from lateral to medial
biceps femoris (long head) –> semitendinous –> semimembranous
chief extensor of hip joint
gluteus maximus
innervation of gluteus maximus
inferior gluteal nerve
innervation of gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fasciae latae
superior gluteal nerve
5 adductors of the hip
adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, obturator externus and gracilis
innervation of hip adductors
all obturator nerve EXCEPT from the hamstring part of adductor magnus which is from the tibial part of the sciatic nerve
abductors of the hip
gluteus medius and minimus, piriformis, oburator internus and superior and inferior gemelli
which obturator muscle adducts the hip
obturator externus
innervation of hip abductors
gluteus medius and minimus –> superior gluteal nerve
piriformis –> S1-S2
obturator internus –> nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1)
superior gemelli –> nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1)
inferior gemelli –> nerve to quadratus femoris (L5-S1)
order to gluteal region muscles from top to bottom
maximus –> medius –> minimus –> piriformis –> superior gemelli –> obturator internus –> inferior gemelli –> quadratus femoris
true/false - there is no abductor compartment of the hip
true - deep gluteal muscles have this role
attachment of all abductor muscles
greater trochanter of the femur
which muscles of the opposite limb are active in supporting the leg being lifted
abductors
internal (medial) rotators of the hip
gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fasciae latae
external (lateral) rotators of the hip
gluteus maximus, piriformis, superior and inferior gemelli, obturator internus, quadratus femoris and sartorius
gluteus maximus medially/laterally rotates the hip
laterally rotates the hip
gluteus medius medially/laterally rotates the hip
medially rotates the hip
gluteus minimus medially/laterally rotates the hip
medially rotates the hip
3 compartments of the thigh
anterior, medial and posterior
muscles compartments that act on the hip
anterior, medial and posterior thigh and gluteal region
distal attachment of patellar ligament
tibial tuberosity
4 actions of the sartorius
flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of hip
flexion of knee
attachments of sartorius
ASIS to superior medial tibial surface
how come the sartorius can produce flexion at both knee and hip
because it spirals around the leg from lateral to medial
medial thigh muscles (adductor group)
adductor longus, brevis and magnus, obturator externus and gracilis
innervation of medial thigh muscles
all obturator nerve EXCEPT hamstring part of adductor magnus which is from tibial part of sciatic nerve
through which foramen does the obturator nerve enter the thigh
obturator foramen
which muscle’s distal attachment to the femur forms the adductor hiatus
adductor magnus
structures that pass through the adductor hiatus
femoral artery and vein
adductor brevis lies deep/superficial to the adductor longus
deep
femoral artery is a continuation of what artery
external iliac
landmark of external iliac becoming femoral artery
inguinal ligament
surface marking of inguinal ligament
between the ASIS and pubic tubercle
large branch of the femoral artery which passes posteriorly to the hamstrings
profunda femoris artery
femoral vein is a continuation of what vein
popliteal
femoral vein becomes what vessel past the inguinal ligament
external iliac vein
3 veins in the femoral triangel
profunda femoris, great saphenous and femoral veins
what is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus
the femoral nerve
4 muscles in what compartment are supplied by the femoral nerve
anterior compartment - sartorius, iliacus, pectineus and quatriceps femoris
