Lower limb 1 Flashcards
Muscles of Anterior thigh
iliopsoas
sarorius
quadriceps femoris
tensor fascia latae
iliopsoas
Psoas from transverse processes Iliacus from illiac fossa I: Lessor Trochanter A: Flexion of hip I: Femoral nerve
Satorius
O: ASIS
I: Medial tibia
A: Flexion, Abduction, Lateral rotation at thigh, Flexion at knee
I: Femoral Nerve
Rectus Femoris
O: AIIS
I: Patella + tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
A: Flexion at hip and Extension at knee
I: Femoral nerve
Vastus Medialis Vastus Lateralis
O: Linea aspera
I: Patellar ligament
A: Flexion of thigh
I: Femoral
Vastus Intermedialis
O: Anterior surface of femur
I: Patellar ligament
A: Flexion of thigh
I: Femoral
Gluteus Muscles
Gluteus Maximus (superficial) Gluteus Medius (deep) Gluteus Minimus (deepest)
Gluteus Maximus
O: dorsal ilium, Sacrum, Coccyx
I: Gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: Extension Abduction Lateral Rotation of hip
I: Inferior gluteal nerve
Gluteus Medius & Gluteus Minimus
O: Between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Abduction and Medial Rotation of hip
I: Superior gluteal nerve
Muscles of Medial Thigh
Superficial - 3
Pectineus
Gracilis
Adductor Longus
Deep - 2
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Muscles of MEdial Thigh in General
O: Pubis bone
I: Linea aspera
A: Adduction & Flexion of hip
I: Obturator nerve
Adductor Magnus (Hamstring part)
O: Ishium
I: Adductor tubercle of femur
A: Extension of Hip
I: Sciatic Nerve
Muscles of Posterior Thigh (Hamstrings)
Superficial
Semitendinosus
Bicep Femoris
Deep
Semimembranosus
Hamstring in general
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Tibia/Fibula
A: Extension of hip, Flexion and rotation of knee
I: Sciatic Nerve
Semitendinosus
O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Medial Proximal Tibia
A: Extension of hip, Flexsion and medial rotation of knee
I: Sciatic nerve
Biceps Femoris Long head
O: Ischial Tuberosity + linea aspera
I: Head of fibula condyle of tibia
A: Extension of hip, Flexion and lateral rotation of knee
I: Sciatic Nerve
Biceps Femoris Short head
Doesn’t cross hip
O: Distal femur
I: Head of fibula lateral condyle of tibia
a: Flexion and lateral rotation of knee
Semimembranosus
O: ischial tuberosity
I: Medial aspect of proximal tibia
A: Extension of hip, Flexion and medial rotation of knee
I: Sciatic nerve
Lumbar Plexus
From lumbar spinal nerves L1-L4
Located within psoas major muscle
Divide to Femoral and Obturator
Femoral Nerve
Underneath Inguinal Ligament
Anterior compartment of thigh
Cutaneous sensation to leg
Obturator Nerve
Medial aspect of thigh muscles
Sacral Plexus
L1-L4 Directly behind Lumbar Plexus
Forms Sciatic Nerve - which divides to tibial and fibular nerves
Innervation of Anterior Compartment of thigh
Femoral Nerve
Innervation of Posterior Compartment of thigh
Sciatic Nerve
Innervation of Medial Compartment of thigh
Obturator Nerve
Sciatica
Irritation fo nerve roots leading to sciatic nerve
Common cause - herniated disk, narrowing of spinal canal
Posterior Leg Muscles Superficial
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Posterior Leg Muscles Deep
Popliteus
FDL
FHL
Tibialis Posterior
Gastroctemius
Origin: Lateral and Medial condyles of femur
I: Posterior Calcaneus bone by Achilles tendon
A: Plantarflex + Flexion of knee
I: Tibial Nerve
Soleus
O: Superior tibia + fibula
I: Posterior Calcaneus bone by Chilles tendon
A: Plantar Flexion
I: Tibial Nerve
Plantaris
May or May not be absent (like palmaris longus)
O: Posterior Femur above lateral condyle
I: Long thin tendon to calcaneus bone
A: assits in knee flexion and plantar flexion
I: Tibial Nerve
Flexor digitorum Longus
O: Extensive posterior tibia
I: behind medial malleolus to distal phalanges
a: plantar flexion, inversion, flex the toes
I: Tibial Nerve
Flexor Hallicis Longus
O: Middle shaft of fibula
I: Tendon runs under foot to distal phalanx of big toe
A: Plantar flexion, inversion,
I: Tibial Nerve
Popliteus
O: Lateral condyle of femur
I: proximal tibia
A: Flexesa and rotates leg medially to unlock knee
I: Tibial Nerve
Tibialis Posterior
O: Suberior Tibia and fibula
I: Behind Medial Malleolus into several tarsals and metatarsals
A: Prime mover for foot inversion, Plantar flex
I: tibial nerve
3 muscles that cross ankle joint
Tibialis Posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor Hallicis longus
Lateral Muscles of the leg
Peroneus Longus
Peroneus Brevis
Peroneus Longus & Brevis
O: Fibula
I: Run down later malleolus to metatarsal
A: Eversion & plantar flexion
I: Superficial fibular nerve
Muscles of Anterior compartment of leg
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallicus longus
Tibialis Anterior
Superficial
O: Lateral condyle
I: tendon into cuneiform and first metatarsal
A: Prime mover for Dorsiflexion, invert foot
I: Fibular nerve
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Deep O: Tibia + fibula I: middle and distal phalanges A: Prime mover for extension, and dorsiflexion I: fibular nerve
Extensor Hallicus Longus
O: shaft of fibula
I: distal phalanx of big toe
A: extend big toe, dorsiflex foot
I: Deep fibular nerve
