Lower Extremity OIIA's Flashcards
1
Q
Origin: Gluteus maximus
A
-Ilium
-Posterior gluteal line
-Dorsal surface of sacrum & coccyx
-Sacrotuberous ligament
2
Q
Insertion: Gluteus maximus
A
-IT band
-Gluteal tuberosity
3
Q
Innervation: Gluteus maximus
A
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
4
Q
Action: Gluteus maximus
A
Extension and external rotation of hip
5
Q
Origin: Gluteus medius
A
Between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
6
Q
Insertion: Gluteus medius
A
Lateral surface of greater trochanter
7
Q
Innervation: Gluteus medius
A
Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
8
Q
Action: Gluteus medius
A
-Abduction of femur
-Keeps pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing
-Internal rotation
9
Q
Origin: Gluteus minimus
A
Between inferior and anterior gluteal lines
10
Q
Insertion: Gluteus minimus
A
Antero-lateral aspect of the greater trochanter
11
Q
Innervation: Gluteus minimus
A
Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
12
Q
Action: Gluteus minimus
A
-Abduction of femur
-Internal rotation
-Keeps pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing
13
Q
Origin: Tensor fascia lata (TFL)
A
ASIS
14
Q
Insertion: Tensor fascia lata (TFL)
A
IT band
15
Q
Innervation: Tensor fascia lata (TFL)
A
Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
16
Q
Action: Tensor fascia lata (TFL)
A
-Abduction
-Internal rotation
-Stabilizes the knee
17
Q
Origin: Piriformis
A
Anterior surface of sacrum between S1-S4
18
Q
Insertion: Piriformis
A
Superior border of greater trochanter
19
Q
Innervation: Piriformis
A
Spinal nerves L5-S2
20
Q
Action: Piriformis
A
-External rotation of extended thigh
-Abduction of flexed thigh
-Steadies femoral head in acetabulum
21
Q
Origin: Obturator internus
A
Inner surface of the obturator foramen
22
Q
Insertion: Obturator internus
A
Medial surface of the greater trochanter
23
Q
Innervation: Obturator internus
A
Spinal nerves L5-S2
24
Q
Action: Obturator internus
A
-External rotates extended hip
-Abducts flexed thigh
-Steadies femoral head in acetabulum
25
Origin: Obturator externus
External surface of obturator foramen
26
Insertion: Obturator externus
Trochanteric fossa of femur
27
Innervation: Obturator externus
Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
28
Action: Obturator externus
-External rotation of extended hip
-Abduction of flexed thigh
29
Origin: Superior & inferior gemellus
-Superior: ischial spine
-Inferior: ischial tuberosity
30
Insertion: Superior & inferior gemellus
Medial surface of greater trochanter
31
Innervation: Superior & inferior gemellus
Spinal nerves L5-S1
32
Action: Superior & inferior gemellus
-External rotation of extended thigh
-Abducts flexed thigh
-Stabilizes the hip
33
Origin: Quadratus femoris
Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
34
Insertion: Quadratus femoris
Intertrochanteric crest of the femur
35
Innervation: Quadratus femoris
Spinal nerves L5-S1
36
Action: Quadratus femoris
Externally rotates the hip
37
Origin: Psoas major
Sides of T12-L5 & intervertebral discs
38
Insertion: Psoas major
Lesser trochanter
39
Innervation: Psoas major
Spinal nerves L1-S3
40
Action: Psoas major
Flexes thigh and trunk
41
Origin: Iliacus
Iliac fossa
42
Insertion: Iliacus
Lesser trochanter
43
Innervation: Iliacus
Femoral nerve (L2-L3)
44
Action: Iliacus
Flexes thigh and trunk
45
Origin: Sartorius
ASIS
46
Insertion: Sartorius
Medial superior shaft of tibia- Pes Anserinus
47
Innervation: Sartorius
Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
48
Action: Sartorius
Flexes the thigh and flexes the leg
49
Origin: Rectus femoris
AIIS
50
Insertion: Rectus femoris
Quadriceps tendon
51
Innervation: Rectus femoris
Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
52
Action: Rectus femoris
Extends the leg and flexes the hip
53
Origin: Vastus lateralis
Greater trochanter
54
Insertion: Vastus lateralis
Quadriceps tendon
55
Innervation: Vastus lateralis
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
56
Action: Vastus lateralis
Extends the leg
57
Origin: Vastus medialis
Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
58
Insertion: Vastus medialis
Quadriceps tendon
59
Innervation: Vastus medialis
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
60
Action: Vastus medialis
Extends the leg
61
Origin: Vastus intermedius
Intertrochanteric line of femur and upper 2/3 of the anterior surface of the femur
62
Insertion: Vastus intermedius
Quadriceps tendon
63
Innervation: Vastus intermedius
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
64
Action: Vastus intermedius
Extends the leg
65
Origin: Biceps femoris long head
Ischial tuberosity
66
Insertion: Biceps femoris long head
Lateral tibia, head of fibula
67
Innervation: Biceps femoris long head
Tibial nerve (S1-S3)
68
Action: Biceps femoris long head
thigh extension & knee flexion
69
Origin: Biceps femoris short head
Linea aspera
70
Insertion: Biceps femoris short head
Lateral tibia, head of fibula
71
Innervation: Biceps femoris short head
Common fibular nerve (L5-S2)
72
Action: Biceps femoris short head
thigh extension & knee flexion
73
Origin: Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus
Ischial tuberosity
74
Insertion: Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus
-Semitendinosus: Pes anserinus
-Semimembranosus: medial condyle of tibia
75
Innervation: Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus
Tibial nerve (L5-S2)
76
Action: Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus
Thigh extension & knee flexion
77
Origin: Adductor longus
Body of pubis close to the symphysis
78
Insertion: Adductor longus
Linea aspera of femur
79
Innervation: Adductor longus
Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
80
Action: Adductor longus
Adducts & internally rotates thigh
81
Origin: Adductor brevis
inferior pubic ramus close to the symphysis
82
Insertion: Adductor brevis
Upper part of the linea aspera of femur
83
Innervation: Adductor brevis
Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
84
Action: Adductor brevis
Adducts thigh
85
Origin: Adductor magnus
Inferior ramus of pubis, inferior ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity
86
Insertion: Adductor magnus
Linea aspera of femur & supracondylar line
87
Innervation: Adductor magnus
Obturator nerve (L3, L4) and branches from the sciatic
88
Action: Adductor magnus
Adducts thigh
89
Origin: Gracilis
Inferior ramus of pubis
90
Insertion: Gracilis
Pes anserinus
91
Innervation: Gracilis
Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
92
Action: Gracilis
Adducts & flexes leg
93
Origin: Pectineus
Superior pubic ramus
94
Insertion: Pectineus
Pectineal line of femur
95
Innervation: Pectineus
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
96
Action: Pectineus
Adducts and flexes thigh
97
Origin: Tibialis anterior
Lateral condyle of tibia
98
Insertion: Tibialis anterior
Medial cuneiform & base of metatarsal I
99
Innervation: Tibialis anterior
Deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)
100
Action: Tibialis anterior
Dorsiflexion & inversion
101
Origin: Extensor hallucis longus
Middle medial surface of fibula & interosseous membrane
102
Insertion: Extensor hallucis longus
Base of distal phalanx of great toe
103
Innervation: Extensor hallucis longus
Deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)
104
Action: Extensor hallucis longus
Extension of great toe & dorsiflexion of foot
105
Origin: Extensor digitorum longus
Medial surface of fibula & lateral tibial condyle
106
Insertion: Extensor digitorum longus
Distal & middle phalanges of lateral four toes
107
Innervation: Extensor digitorum longus
Deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)
108
Action: Extensor digitorum longus
Extension of lateral four toes and dorsiflexion of foot
109
Origin: Fibularis tertius
Distal part of the anterior surface of fibula
110
Insertion: Fibularis tertius
Dorsomedial surface of base of metatarsal V
111
Innervation: Fibularis tertius
Deep fibular nerve (L3-S1)
112
Action: Fibularis tertius
Dorsiflexion & eversion of foot
113
Origin: Fibularis longus
Upper lateral surface of fibula & head, and interosseous membrane
114
Insertion: Fibularis longus
Base of metatarsal I & medial cuneiform
115
Innervation: Fibularis longus
Superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)
116
Action: Fibularis longus
Eversion & plantar flexion of foot
117
Origin: Fibularis brevis
Lateral distal surface of shaft of fibula
118
Insertion: Fibularis brevis
Lateral tubercle of base of metatarsal V
119
Innervation: Fibularis brevis
Superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)
120
Action: Fibularis brevis
Eversion & plantar flexion of foot
121
Origin: Gastrocnemius
Upper posterior medial & lateral surfaces of femoral condyles
122
Insertion: Gastrocnemius
Calcaneal tendon
123
Innervation: Gastrocnemius
Tibial nerve (S1-S2)
124
Action: Gastrocnemius
Plantar flexes foot & flexes knee
125
Origin: Plantaris
Lateral supracondylar line of femur
126
Insertion: Plantaris
Calcaneal tendon
127
Innervation: Plantaris
Tibial nerve (S1-S2)
128
Action: Plantaris
Plantar flexes foot & flexes knee
129
Origin: Soleus
-Soleal line & medial border of tibia
-Posterior aspect of fibular head, neck, and proximal shaft
130
Insertion: Soleus
Calcaneal tendon
131
Innervation: Soleus
Tibial nerve (S1-S2)
132
Action: Soleus
Plantar flexes the foot
133
Origin: Popliteus
Lateral surface of femoral condyle
134
Insertion: Popliteus
Posterior surface of proximal tibia
135
Innervation: Popliteus
Tibial nerve (L4-S1)
136
Action: Popliteus
-Closed chain: Laterally rotates femur (unlocks knee)
-Open chain: Medially rotates the tibia
137
Origin: Flexor digitorum longus
Medial side of posterior surface of tibia
138
Insertion: Flexor digitorum longus
Distal phalanges of the lateral 4 toes
139
Innervation: Flexor digitorum longus
Tibial nerve (L4-S2)
140
Action: Flexor digitorum longus
Flexes lateral 4 toes
141
Origin: Flexor hallucis longus
Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula & interosseous membrane
142
Insertion: Flexor hallucis longus
Plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe
143
Innervation: Flexor hallucis longus
Tibial nerve (L4-S2)
144
Action: Flexor hallucis longus
-Flexes great toe
-Inversion & plantar flexion
145
Origin: Tibialis posterior
Posterior surface of interosseous membrane & shafts of tibia & fibula
146
Insertion: Tibialis posterior
Tuberosity of navicular and medial cuneiform
147
Innervation: Tibialis posterior
Tibial nerve (L5-S1)
148
Action: Tibialis posterior
Inversion & plantar flexion
