Lower Extremity Muscles

Question 1

Coccygeus

Answer 1

O: ischial spine
I: inferior sacrum

Question 2

Levator Ani

Answer 2

O: pubic body, tendious arch, and ischial spine

Question 3

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 3

O:surface of ilium, sacrum and coccyx; sacrotuberous ligament
I: Iliotibial tract (which attaches to lateral condyle of tibia); gluteal tuberosity of femur
N: Inferior gluteal nerve
A: Extends, laterally
rotates thigh

Question 4

Gluteus Medius

Answer 4

O:External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: Greater trochanter of
femur
N: Superior gluteal nerve
A: Abducts and medially rotates thigh; keeps pelvis level during walking

Question 5

Gluteus Mininmus

Answer 5

O: External surface of ilium between anterior
and inferior gluteal lines
I: Greater trochanter of
femur
N: Superior gluteal nerve
A: Abducts and medially rotates thigh; keeps pelvis level during walking (prevents contralateral pelvic drop)

Question 6

Tensor Fascie latae

Answer 6

O: ASIS iliac crest
I: Iliotibial tract (which attaches to lateral condyle of tibia)
N: Superior gluteal nerve
A: Flexes and medially rotates thigh; tenses the fascia latae of the thigh

Question 7

Piriformis

Answer 7

O: Anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament
I: Greater trochanter of
femur
N: Nerve to piriformis
(S1, S2)
A; Laterally rotates
thigh;

Question 8

Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior gemellus

Answer 8

O: (respectively) ishial spine, laterla border of ischial tuberosity, ischial tuberosity
I: Greater trochantor
N:SO( nerve to obturator) IQ (nerve to quadratus)

Question 9

Posterior compartment rules

Answer 9

O: ischial tuberosity
A: to extend hip and flex knee
N: tibial nerve

Question 10

Semitendinosus

Answer 10

Follows compartment rules  
O: Ischial tuberosity
I:Medial surface of
proximal tibia
N:Tibial division of sciatic nerve
A:Extends hip and flexes knee

Question 11

Gracilis

Answer 11

O:Body and
inferior ramus of pubis
I: Medial surface of
proximal tibia
N: Obturator nerve
A; Adducts thigh and
flexes knee

Question 12

Sartorius

Answer 12

O: ASIS
I:Superior part of medial surface of tibia
N:Femoral nerve
A; Flexes, abducts and
laterally rotates thigh; flexes leg

Question 13

Muscles of the hamsting

Answer 13

semitendinosus: I- Medial surface of
proximal tibia

semimembranosusI: Posterior aspect of
medial condyle of tibia

biceps femoris long head: I-Head of fibula
O- on the ishial tubersity
N: tibal
A: extend hip and flex knee

Question 14

Biceps femoris Short head

Answer 14

O: Linea aspera
I:Head of fibula
N:Common fibular division of sciatic
A:Flexes knee

Question 15

Popliteus

Answer 15

O: dital femur
I: proximal tibia
A: “Unlocks” knee
(laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia)

Question 16

Posterior Compartment rules of leg

Answer 16

A: plantar flex ankle and flex toes
I: Tibial nerve

Question 17

Gastrocnemius

Answer 17

O: Femoral condyles
I: calcaneal tuberosity
A; flex knee and plantar flex ankle
N: tibial nerve (ALL of them are)

Question 18

Soleus

Answer 18

O: Soleal line of tibia; 
fibular head
I:Calcaneal tuberosity
A: Powerful plantarflexor of the foot
N: tibial nerve

Question 19

Plantaris

Answer 19

O: distal femur 
I: calcaneal tuberosty
N: tibial 
A: propreoceptive
absent in 5-10 percent of peopl

Question 20

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Answer 20

O: tibia
I: distal phalanges of digits 2-5
A: plantar flex, flex digits 2-5, MTP

Question 21

flexor hallucis longus

Answer 21

• travels through the tarsal tunnel

A: plantar flex ankle and flex digit 1 at MPT and IP

Question 22

Tibialis posterior

Answer 22

O: fibula, tibia, Interosseous membrane
I: navicular tuberosity, cuneiforms, cuboid, MT 2-4
A: plantar flex ankle nd invert foot (runs down medial side)