Lower Extremity Muscles

Question 1

Iliopsoas

Answer 1

Ilium, Vertebra (T12-L5) / Femur

Flex hip

femoral nerve

Question 2

Pectineus

Answer 2

Pubis / Femur

flex hip

femoral nerve

Question 3

Sartorius

Answer 3

Ilium (ant. sup. iliac spine) / Tibia

flex hip, flex knee

femoral nerve

Question 4

Rectus Femoris

Answer 4

Ilium (ant. inf. iliac spine) / Patella

flex hip, extend knee

femoral nerve

Question 5

Vastus lateralis

Answer 5

femur / patella

extend knee

femoral nerve

Question 6

Vastus medialis

Answer 6

femur / patella

extend knee

femoral nerve

Question 7

Vastus intermedius

Answer 7

femur / patella

extend knee

femoral nerve

Question 8

Gracilis

Answer 8

Pubis / tibia

adduct hip, flex knee

obturator nerve

Question 9

Adductor longus

Answer 9

pubis / femur (linea aspera)

adduct hip

obturator nerve

Question 10

Adductor brevis

Answer 10

pubis / femur (linea aspera)

adduct hip

obturator nerve

Question 11

Adductor magnus (adductor portion)

Answer 11

pubis, ischium / femur (linea aspera)

adduct hip

obturator nerve

Question 12

Adductor magnus (hamstring portion)

Answer 12

Ischial tuberosity / femur (adductor tubercle)

extend hip

sciatic nerve (tibial part)

Question 13

Obturator externus

Answer 13

obturator membrane / femur

laterally rotate femur at hip joint

obturator nerve

Question 14

Gluteus maximus

Answer 14

ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament / femur, iliotibial tract

extend hip, laterally rotate femur (also keeps leg extended via IT tract)

Inferior gluteal nerve

Question 15

Gluteus medius

Answer 15

ilium / femur (greater trochanter)

Abduct and medially rotate femur (support weight when lift opposite leg)

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 16

Gluteus minimus

Answer 16

ilium / femur (greater trochanter)

Abduct and medially rotate femur (support weight when lift opposite leg)

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 17

Tensor fascia lata

Answer 17

ilium (anterior superior iliac spine) / IT tract

Abduct femur (also keeps leg extended via IT tract)

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 18

Piriformis

Answer 18

sacrum / femur (greater trochanter)

laterally rotate femur

nerve to piriformis

Question 19

Obturator internus

Answer 19

obturator membrane / femur (greater trochanter)

laterally rotate femur

nerve to obturator internus

Question 20

Superior gemellus

Answer 20

ischial spine / femur (greater trochanter)

laterally rotate femur

nerve to obturator internus

Question 21

Inferior gemellus

Answer 21

ischial tuberosity / femur (greater trochanter)

laterally rotate femur

nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 22

Quadratus femoris

Answer 22

ischial tuberosity / femur

laterally rotate femur

nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 23

Semimembranosus

Answer 23

ischial tuberosity / tibia

flex knee, extend hip

tibial part of sciatic nerve

Question 24

Semitendinosus

Answer 24

ischial tuberosity / tibia

flex knee, extend hip

tibial part of sciatic nerve

Question 25

Biceps femoris

Answer 25

ischial tuberosity (long head), femur (short head) / fibula flex knee, extend hip (long head only) Long: tibial part of sciatic nerve Short: common peroneal part of sciatic nerve

Question 26

Popliteus

Answer 26

femur / tibia laterally rotate femur (unlock knee joint) tibial nerve

Question 27

Gastrocnemius

Answer 27

femur / calcaneus plantar flex foot tibial nerve

Question 28

Soleus

Answer 28

Fibula, tibia (soleal line) / calcaneus plantar flex foot tibial nerve

Question 29

Plantaris

Answer 29

Femur / Calcaneus Plantar flex foot Tibial Nerve

Question 30

Flexor hallucis longus

Answer 30

fibula / distal phalanx of big toe plantar flex big toe, plantar flex foot Tibial nerve

Question 31

Flexor digitorum longus

Answer 31

tibia / distal phalanges of lateral four toes plantar flex four toes, plantar flex foot tibial nerve

Question 32

Tibialis posterior

Answer 32

tibia, fibula, interosseous membrane / navicular bone, cuneiform, cuboid, metatarsals 2-4 plantar flexes foot, inverts foot tibial nerve

Question 33

Tibialis anterior

Answer 33

tibia / medial cuneiform and first metatarsal dorsiflex, invert foot deep peroneal nerve

Question 34

Extensor hallucis longus

Answer 34

fibula and interosseus membrane / distal phalanx of big toe dorsiflex foot, extend big toe deep peroneal nerve

Question 35

Extensor digitorum longus

Answer 35

tibia, fibula and interosseus membrane / extensor expansions of lateral 4 toes dorsiflex foot, extend toes deep peroneal nerve

Question 36

Peroneus tertius

Answer 36

fibula and interosseus membrane / fifth metatarsal dorsiflex foot, evert foot deep peroneal nerve

Question 37

Extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 37

calcaneus / extensor expansions of toes 2-4 extend toes deep peroneal nerve

Question 38

Peroneus longus

Answer 38

fibula / first metatarsal, medial cuneiform evert foot superficial peroneal nerve

Question 39

Peroneus brevis

Answer 39

fibula / fifth metatarsal evert foot superficial peroneal nerve

Question 40

Abductor hallucis

Answer 40

first layer abduct and flex big toe medial plantar nerve

Question 41

Abductor digiti minimi

Answer 41

first layer abduct and flex little toe lateral plantar nerve

Question 42

Flexor digitorum brevis

Answer 42

first layer flex lateral four toes medial plantar nerve

Question 43

Quadratus plantae

Answer 43

second layer assist in flexing lateral four toes lateral plantar nerve

Question 44

Lumbricals

Answer 44

second layer flex toes at metatarsophalangeal joint extend toes at interphlangeal joints lumbrical 1: medial plantar nerve lumbrical 2-4: lateral plantar nerve

Question 45

Flexor hallicus brevis

Answer 45

third layer flex big toe medial plantar nerve

Question 46

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Answer 46

third layer flex little toe lateral plantar nerve

Question 47

Adductor hallucis

Answer 47

third layer adduct and flex big toe lateral plantar nerve

Question 48

Plantar interosseus muscles

Answer 48

fourth layer adduct toes and flex metatarsophalangeal joint lateral plantar nerve

Question 49

Dorsal interosseus muscles

Answer 49

fourth layer abduct toes and flex metatarsophalangeal joint lateral plantar nerve