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Anatomy > Lower extremity muscles > Flashcards

Lower extremity muscles Flashcards

1
Q

tensor fascia latae

A

Origin: ASIS, anterior part of iliac crest
Distal Attachment: lateral condyle of tibia
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abducts, medially rotates and flexes thigh

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2
Q

gluteus maximus

A

Origin: ilium
Insertion: iliotibial tract
Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve
Action: extends thigh and assists in lateral rotation

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3
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

Origin: ilium
Insertion: lateral greater trochanter
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abduct and medially rotate thigh

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4
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Origin: ilium
Insertion: anterior greater trochanter
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abduct and medially rotate thigh

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5
Q

Piriformis

A

Origin: anterior sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: superior greater trochanter
Innervation: ventral rami S1 and S2
Action: laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh

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6
Q

Obturator internus

A

Origin: pelvic surface of obturator membrane
Insertion: medial greater trochanter
Innervation: nerve to obturator internus
Action: laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh

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7
Q

superior gemelli

A

Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: medial greater trochanter
Innervation: nerve to obturator internus
Action: laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh

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8
Q

inferior gemelli

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial greater trochanter
Innervation: nerve to quadratus femoris
Action: laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh

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9
Q

quadratus femoris

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
Innervation: nerve to quadratus femoris
Action: laterally rotates thigh

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10
Q

sartorius

A

Origin: ASIS
Insertion: medial tibia
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: flexes thigh and knee

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11
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Origin: AIIS; ilium
Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: extension of the leg, flexion of the thigh

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12
Q

vastus intermedius

A

Origin: proximal femur
Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: extension of leg

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13
Q

vastus lateralis

A

Origin: lateral greater trochanter
Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: extension of leg

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14
Q

vastus medialis

A

Origin: proximal femur
Insertion: patella tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: extension of leg

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15
Q

psoas major

A

Origin: bodies and processes of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Innervation: ventral rami L2-L4
Action: flexion of thigh

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16
Q

iliacus

A

Origin: iliac fossa
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: flexion of thigh

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17
Q

pectineus

A

Origin: superior pubic ramus
Insertion: pectineal line of femur
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: adducts and flexes thigh

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18
Q

adductor longus

A

Origin: pubic tubercle
Insertion: linea aspera
Innervation: obturator nerve
Action: adducts thigh

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19
Q

adductor brevis

A

Origin: body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: pectineal line and proximal linea aspera
Innervation: obturator nerve
Action: adducts and flexes thigh

20
Q

adductor magnus

A

Origin: inferior ramus of pubis; ischial tuberosity
Insertion: linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
Innervation: obturator nerve (anterior fibers); sciatic nerve (posterior fibers)
Action: adduction of thigh; flexion of thigh (anterior fibers), extension of thigh (posterior fibers)

21
Q

gracilis

A

Origin: inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: superior medial surface of tibia
Innervation: obturator nerve
Action: adducts thigh, flexes knee

22
Q

obturator externus

A

Origin: obturator membrane
Insertion: trochanteric fossa
Innervation: obturator nerve
Action: laterally rotates thigh

23
Q

semitendinosus

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: superior part of tibia
Innervation: tibial division of sciatic nerve
Action: extends the thigh and flexes the knee

24
Q

semimembranosus

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia
Innervation: tibial division of the sciatic nerve
Action: extends the thigh and flexes the knee

25
Q

biceps femoris

A

Origin: long head-ischial tuberosity
short head-linea aspera
Insertion: head of the fibula
Innervation: long head- sciatic nerve (tibial division), short head- sciatic nerve (common fiubular division)
Action: extension of the hip (long head), flexion of the knee

26
Q

tibialis anterior

A

Origin: lateral condyle of tibia
Insertion: medial cuneiform bone and base of first metatarsal
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: dorsiflexion and inversion

27
Q

extensor hallicus longus

A

Origin: anterior fibula
Insertion: base of distal phalanx of hallux
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: extends great toe and dorsiflexion

28
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, anterior fibula
Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: extends lateral four digits and dorsiflexion

29
Q

fibularis tertius

A

Origin: inferior anterior fibula
Insertion: base of fifth metatarsal
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: dorsiflexion and aides in eversion

30
Q

fibularis longus

A

Origin: superior fibula
Insertion: base of 1st metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform bone
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
Action: eversion and weak plantarflexion

31
Q

fibularis brevis

A

Origin: inferior fibula
Insertion: base of 5th metatarsal
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
Action: eversion and weak plantarflexion

32
Q

popliteus

A

Origin: lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: weakly flexes knee and rotates tibia on femur

33
Q

flexor hallicus longus

A

Origin: inferior fibula
Insertion: base of distal phalanx of hallux
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: flexes great toe, plantarflexes foot

34
Q

flexor digitorum longus

A

Origin: inferior tibia
Insertion: bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: flexes lateral four digits and plantarflexes

35
Q

tibialis posterior

A

Origin: posterior tibia and fibula
Insertion: navicular, cuneiform, and cuboid bones; bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsal bones
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: plantarflexes and inverts

36
Q

gastrocnemius

A

Origin: lateral head-lateral condyle of femur
medial head-medial condyle of femur
Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneus
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: plantarflexion

37
Q

soleus

A

Origin: superior fibula and medial tibia
Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneus
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: plantarflexion

38
Q

plantaris

A

Origin: lateral supracondylar line of femur
Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneus
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: weakly assists plantarflexion

39
Q

tarsal tunnel

A 
Tom Dick and A Very Nervous Harry
Tibialis posterior
flexor Digitorum longus
posterior tibial Artery
posterior tibial Vein
tibial Nerve
flexor Hallucis longus
40
Q

sciatic nerve

A

Sciatic

  • tibial
  • common fibular
    • superficial fibular
    • deep fibular
41
Q

fossa ovalis

A

great saphenous vein drains in to femoral vein

42
Q

great saphenous system

A

medial malleolus to femoral vein

43
Q

lesser saphenous system

A

lateral malleolus to popliteal vein

44
Q

femoral triangle

A 
lateral to medial
NAVEL
femoral Nerve
femoral Artery
femoral Vein
Empty space
femoral Lymphatics
45
Q

femoral artery

A
  • continuation of external iliac
  • becomes popliteal artery at adductor hiatus
  • femoral profunda branches
46
Q

femoral profunda branches

A

lateral and medial femoral circumflex

47
Q

popliteal artery

A

divides in to anterior and posterior tibial arteries inferior to the popliteus

Anatomy (4 decks)

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