Lower extremity muscles Flashcards
tensor fascia latae
Origin: ASIS, anterior part of iliac crest
Distal Attachment: lateral condyle of tibia
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abducts, medially rotates and flexes thigh
gluteus maximus
Origin: ilium
Insertion: iliotibial tract
Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve
Action: extends thigh and assists in lateral rotation
Gluteus Medius
Origin: ilium
Insertion: lateral greater trochanter
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abduct and medially rotate thigh
Gluteus minimus
Origin: ilium
Insertion: anterior greater trochanter
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abduct and medially rotate thigh
Piriformis
Origin: anterior sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: superior greater trochanter
Innervation: ventral rami S1 and S2
Action: laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh
Obturator internus
Origin: pelvic surface of obturator membrane
Insertion: medial greater trochanter
Innervation: nerve to obturator internus
Action: laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh
superior gemelli
Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: medial greater trochanter
Innervation: nerve to obturator internus
Action: laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh
inferior gemelli
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial greater trochanter
Innervation: nerve to quadratus femoris
Action: laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh
quadratus femoris
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
Innervation: nerve to quadratus femoris
Action: laterally rotates thigh
sartorius
Origin: ASIS
Insertion: medial tibia
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: flexes thigh and knee
Rectus femoris
Origin: AIIS; ilium
Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: extension of the leg, flexion of the thigh
vastus intermedius
Origin: proximal femur
Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: extension of leg
vastus lateralis
Origin: lateral greater trochanter
Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: extension of leg
vastus medialis
Origin: proximal femur
Insertion: patella tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: extension of leg
psoas major
Origin: bodies and processes of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Innervation: ventral rami L2-L4
Action: flexion of thigh
iliacus
Origin: iliac fossa
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: flexion of thigh
pectineus
Origin: superior pubic ramus
Insertion: pectineal line of femur
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: adducts and flexes thigh
adductor longus
Origin: pubic tubercle
Insertion: linea aspera
Innervation: obturator nerve
Action: adducts thigh
adductor brevis
Origin: body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: pectineal line and proximal linea aspera
Innervation: obturator nerve
Action: adducts and flexes thigh
adductor magnus
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis; ischial tuberosity
Insertion: linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
Innervation: obturator nerve (anterior fibers); sciatic nerve (posterior fibers)
Action: adduction of thigh; flexion of thigh (anterior fibers), extension of thigh (posterior fibers)
gracilis
Origin: inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: superior medial surface of tibia
Innervation: obturator nerve
Action: adducts thigh, flexes knee
obturator externus
Origin: obturator membrane
Insertion: trochanteric fossa
Innervation: obturator nerve
Action: laterally rotates thigh
semitendinosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: superior part of tibia
Innervation: tibial division of sciatic nerve
Action: extends the thigh and flexes the knee
semimembranosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia
Innervation: tibial division of the sciatic nerve
Action: extends the thigh and flexes the knee
biceps femoris
Origin: long head-ischial tuberosity
short head-linea aspera
Insertion: head of the fibula
Innervation: long head- sciatic nerve (tibial division), short head- sciatic nerve (common fiubular division)
Action: extension of the hip (long head), flexion of the knee
tibialis anterior
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia
Insertion: medial cuneiform bone and base of first metatarsal
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: dorsiflexion and inversion
extensor hallicus longus
Origin: anterior fibula
Insertion: base of distal phalanx of hallux
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: extends great toe and dorsiflexion
extensor digitorum longus
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, anterior fibula
Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: extends lateral four digits and dorsiflexion
fibularis tertius
Origin: inferior anterior fibula
Insertion: base of fifth metatarsal
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
Action: dorsiflexion and aides in eversion
fibularis longus
Origin: superior fibula
Insertion: base of 1st metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform bone
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
Action: eversion and weak plantarflexion
fibularis brevis
Origin: inferior fibula
Insertion: base of 5th metatarsal
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
Action: eversion and weak plantarflexion
popliteus
Origin: lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: weakly flexes knee and rotates tibia on femur
flexor hallicus longus
Origin: inferior fibula
Insertion: base of distal phalanx of hallux
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: flexes great toe, plantarflexes foot
flexor digitorum longus
Origin: inferior tibia
Insertion: bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: flexes lateral four digits and plantarflexes
tibialis posterior
Origin: posterior tibia and fibula
Insertion: navicular, cuneiform, and cuboid bones; bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsal bones
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: plantarflexes and inverts
gastrocnemius
Origin: lateral head-lateral condyle of femur
medial head-medial condyle of femur
Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneus
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: plantarflexion
soleus
Origin: superior fibula and medial tibia
Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneus
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: plantarflexion
plantaris
Origin: lateral supracondylar line of femur
Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneus
Innervation: tibial nerve
Action: weakly assists plantarflexion
tarsal tunnel
Tom Dick and A Very Nervous Harry Tibialis posterior flexor Digitorum longus posterior tibial Artery posterior tibial Vein tibial Nerve flexor Hallucis longus
sciatic nerve
Sciatic
- tibial
- common fibular
- superficial fibular
- deep fibular
fossa ovalis
great saphenous vein drains in to femoral vein
great saphenous system
medial malleolus to femoral vein
lesser saphenous system
lateral malleolus to popliteal vein
femoral triangle
lateral to medial NAVEL femoral Nerve femoral Artery femoral Vein Empty space femoral Lymphatics
femoral artery
- continuation of external iliac
- becomes popliteal artery at adductor hiatus
- femoral profunda branches
femoral profunda branches
lateral and medial femoral circumflex
popliteal artery
divides in to anterior and posterior tibial arteries inferior to the popliteus
