Lower Extremity II Flashcards
Sartorius OI
. O: ASIS
. I: Pes anserine
. Causes med. knee pain
Iliotibial band OI
O: Glu max and TFL
I: gerdy’s tubercle
. Causes lateral knee pain
PRICE acronym
. P: pad, protect . R: rest . I: ice . C: compression . E: elevation
Common thigh pain conditions
. Contusion . Trochanteric bursitis . ITB tendonitis . Quad . Hamstring . Sciatica . Hip DJD . Femoral stress fracture . Snapping hip
Common knee pain conditions
. ACL/PCL tears . Meniscus tear . Collateral ligament sprain . Arthritis . Patellofemoral pain syndrome . Bursitis . Patellar subluxation . Baker’s cyst . Septic joint
Common leg pain conditions
. Trauma . Infection . DVT . DM complications . Compartment syndrome . Achilles tendinitis and rupture . Medial tibial stress syndrome . Post. Tibial tendinitis . Referred pain
Vastus medialis obliquus
. Atrophies in knee conditions
. Internal derangement of knee -> fluid buildup -> VMO atrophy
. Strengthening this involved in knee rehab
Strengthening what muscles can help with patellofemoral pain syndrome
. Hip abductors/external rotators
Myofascial release for knee
. Excessive tension in myofascia around knee and w/in popliteal fossa can interfere w/ venous and lymphatic return from distal lower extremity
. Contraction can produce/prolong swelling in the knee and interfere w/ healing process
. MFR brings nutrients and oxygen into area and removes metabolic byproducts from area for healing to occur properly
Common fibular n.
. Lies directly post. To fibular head
. Fracture of fibula, tight cast or somatic dysfunction may disturb n.
. Symptoms: numbness, tightness and cramping of leg, ankle pain, foot drop
Proximal fibular head dysfunction
. Can produce unusual strain at knee if dysfunction affects normal gliding motion
. Prox. Fibula affects distal fibula
. Can cause lat. knee pain
. Ant. Or post. Fibular head somatic dysfunctions
Posterior fibular head dysfunctions
. Prox. Head resists ant. Spring
. Distal fibular may be ant. And resist post. Springing
. Talus internally rotated causing foot to invert and plantarflex
Anterior fibular head somatic dysfunctions
. Prox. Head resists post. Spring
. Distal fibular may be post. And resist ant. Springing
. Talus externally rotated causing foot to evert and dorsiflex
DVT signs and symptoms
. Leg pain, tenderness, ankle edema, calf swelling, dilated vv., Homan’s sign
. Order venous duplex scan
Homan’s sign
. Sharp pain in calf on dorsi flexion of foot
Achilles tendonitis
. Inflammation of Achilles’ tendon
. Tight gastrocsoleus complex
. Overuse injury
. Risk of partial/complete tearing of Achilles
. Treatment: heel lift, rest, NSAIDS, address entire kinematic chain
Medial tibial stress syndrome
. Shin splints
. Too much too fast training
. Pain in medial leg
. Aching/stabbing pain during and after exercise
. Tender to palpation over med. ridge of tibia
. 10-15% all running injuries
. Can be anterolateral and posteromedial (more common)
. Repetitive loading leads to traction periostitis of tibia
. Stress rxn more likely than stress fracture
. Assoc. w/ high or low arches, tight gastrocs
Posterior tibialis tendonitis
. Common cause of medial leg, ankle, and foot pain
. Loss of ankle stability and support for arch of foot
Posterior tibial tendon
. Key tendon of leg
. Attaches calf muscles to navicular
. Supports arch and foot when walking
Too many toes sign
. Weak or ruptured tibialis post. Muscle or tendon
. Lat. rotated tibia, exerted ankle, abducted forefoot
. Everted ankle:too many toes visible from behind when compared to the other side
. May lead to bony subluxation (talus or navicular)
Tennis leg
. Tear or rupture of plantaris m. Or med. head of gastrocnemius m. (Usually eccentric load)
. Symptoms: sudden onset of pain in back of knee or calf muscle, dec. ankle mobility, bruising and swelling post. Leg
. Rule out deep vein thrombosus
Thigh ligaments
. Iliofemoral ligament
. Ischiofemoral ligament
Quad muscles
. Rectus femoris
. Vastus medialis
. Vastus intermedius
. Vastus lateralis
Hamstring muscles
. Semimembranosus
. Semitendinosus
. Biceps femoris
Quad OIN
O: ant. Aspect of innominate, ant. Aspect femur
I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
N: femoral n. (L2-4)
Middle genicular a.
. Branch of popliteal a.
. Penetrates fibrous capsule of knee and supplies cruciate ligament, synovial capsule, and margins of menisci
