Lower Extremity 2

Question 1

first toe complaints

Answer 1

hallux valgus/rigidus
gout
sesamoiditis

Question 2

metatarsal complaints

Answer 2

Morton’s neuroma
metatarsalgia
stress fractures

Question 3

ankle complaints

Answer 3

inversion sprain

eversion sprain

Question 4

achilles tendon/heel complaints

Answer 4

tendonitis

bursitis

Question 5

complaints of the foot and ankle are often due to?

Answer 5

lack of proper support and inappropriate footwear

Question 6

what is the most common ankle sprain?

Answer 6

plantar flexion/inversion

Question 7

metatarsalgia

Answer 7

pain on bottom of foot
chronic stretching of transverse ligament
result from excessive weight, repetitive activity, pes planus or cavus
dropped metatarsal heads

Question 8

direct traumas for metatarsalgia

Answer 8

jumping and landing on toes with running or jogging

standing for long time in high heeled shoes

Question 9

how can metatarsalgia be obvious without xray?

Answer 9

callous or corn formation &/or toe deformity

Question 10

morton’s neuroma

Answer 10

perineural firosis around the plantar digital nerve of the foot
pain on bottom of foot
insidious onset
occaionally a mass will be palpated

Question 11

when might someone with morton’s neuroma have less pain?

Answer 11

when barefoot

Question 12

what kind of neuropathy is morton’s neuroma

Answer 12

entrapment neuropathy with progressive degeneration and deposition of amorphous deposits on the nerve fibers

Question 13

what kind of compression increases pain with a mortons neuroma?

Answer 13

transverse compression

Question 14

entrapment mostly occurs on what surface of the foot with a morton’s neuroma?

Answer 14

plantar surface

pain often in the web space between 3rd and 4th metatarsals

Question 15

stress fractures

Answer 15

constant pain of the forefoot, especially with weight bearing
history of prolonged walking or running

Question 16

describe why stress fractures happen

Answer 16

bone resorption process exceeds ostoblast activity when constant stresses are applied without sufficiency unstressed periods of time to heal or when stresses consistenly exceed the structural integrity of the one

Question 17

describe the pain with a stress fracture

Answer 17

tender to the touch and pain with transverse compression
usupicion is based upon hisotry and location of pain
radiography, bone scan and MRI examination as needed

Question 18

what ligaments are typically invlved with an inversion ankle sprain?

Answer 18

anterior talofibular
calcaneofibular
posterior talofibular

Question 19

what ligaments are typically involved with an eversion ankle sprain?

Answer 19

deltoid ligament (medial ligament complex)

Question 20

ottawa ankle rules

Answer 20

pain in the malleolar region and either:
tenderness at either malleolus
inability to bear weight immediately after the injury or in the emergyncy

Question 21

stability testing of ankle sprains

Answer 21

anterior drawer test

varus and valgus stress

Question 22

what syndrome is common in ballet dancers

Answer 22

os trigonum syndrome

posteiror ankle impingement syndrome

Question 23

salter harris type 1

Answer 23

fracture of the growth plate

Question 24

salter harris type 2

Answer 24

injury of growth plate and metaphysis

Question 25

salter harris type 3

Answer 25

fracture of growth plate and epiphysis

Question 26

salter harris type 4

Answer 26

fracture of epiphysis and metaphysis

Question 27

salter harris type 5

Answer 27

compression fracture of growth plate

Question 28

maissoneuve fracture

Answer 28

fracture of medial malleolus and mid shaft of fibula

Question 29

Boehler’s angle shouldn’t be less than?

Answer 29

28 degrees

Question 30

Segond’s fracture

Answer 30

fracture of the tibial spines