Lower body anatomy (final)

Question 1

What is the main extensor muscle of the thigh and what is its nerve supply?

Answer 1

Gluteus maximus (inferior gluteal nerve)

Question 2

What are the main abductors of the hip and what is their nerve supply?

Answer 2

Gluteus medius and minimus Superior gluteal nerve

Question 3

What is the function and nerve supply to the anterior thigh?

Answer 3

Extension at the knee Femoral nerve

Question 4

What is the function and nerve supply of the medial thigh?

Answer 4

Adduction of the lower limb Obturator nerve

Question 5

What is the function and nerve supply of the posterior thigh?

Answer 5

Flexion at the knee Sciatic nerve (tibial)

Question 6

What is the test for each of the ligaments of the knee?

Answer 6

ACL = Lachmans/anterior drawer PCL = posterior drawer Menisci = Lateral/medial steinmans Collaterals = varus/valgus stress

Question 7

What is the function and nerve supply to the anterior leg?

Answer 7

Deep fibular nerve Dorsiflexion + inversion

Question 8

Which is the anterior tibial muscle?

Answer 8

Bulge next to the tibia

Question 9

What is the function and nerve supply to the lateral leg?

Answer 9

Superficial fibular nerve Eversion

Question 10

What is the nerve supply and function of the posterior leg?

Answer 10

Tibial nerve (extension of sciatic) Plantarflexion (+ flexion of toes)

Question 11

Which muscles are hip flexors?

Answer 11

Sartorius,

Iliopsoas (iliacus, psoas major)

Rectus femoris (quad)

Pectineus

Question 12

What ligaments are associated with the hip joint?

Answer 12

Intracapsular: ligament of head of femur

Extracapsular: ischiofemoral, iliofemrral, pubofemoral

Question 13

What is the blood supply to the femur and what are its branches?

Answer 13

Femoral artery Medial and lateral circumflex arteries (supply the head/neck) Profunda femoris (supply the

Question 14

Draw the bones of the foot

Answer 14

Question 15

What are the parts of the pelvic bone?

Answer 15

Question 16

What muscles are in the laterla compartment of the leg?

Answer 16

Fibularis longus and brevis

Question 17

Where does sartorius travel?

Answer 17

ASIS - medial knee

Question 18

What nerve in damaged in Trendellenburgs gait?

Answer 18

Superior gluteal nerve (fail to abduct - gluteus medius + minimus)

Question 19

What is the superficial and deep venous drainage of the lower limb?

Answer 19

Deep: follows vessels (anterior tibial, posterior tibial, fibular - popliteal, femoral, external iliac)

Supericial: small saphenous into popliteal vein, great saphenous into femoral vein)

Question 20

What is contained within the femoral triangle and what forms the borders?

Answer 20

Lateral border: sartorius

Medial border: Adductor lungus

Superior border: inguinal ligament

Lat - med: NAVY

femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, femoral canal (lymphatics)

Question 21

What is the blood supply to the lower limb?

Answer 21

Femoral artery

Popliteal artery

Tibiofibular trunk (branch for anterior tibial artery)

Divides into posterior tibial artery and fibular artery

Anterior tibial artery becomes dorsal pedis at ankle

Question 22

What are the lymph nodes of the lower limb and what drains into each/where are they?

Answer 22

Superficial inguinal: penis, scrotum, perineum, bum (under inguinal ligament)

Superficial sub-inguinal: superficial lymph (by great saphenous vein)

Deep sub-inguinal: deep lymph (by femoral vein)

Popliteal: behind knee (continues to deep sub-inguinal nodes by femoral vein)