Low Vision and OT Flashcards
Low Vision Definition
visual acuity is 20/70 or less in the better eye and cannot be improved by glasses
Legal Blindness
20/200 or less in the better-seeing eye with glasses or contacts
CVRT
complete daily activities and visual compensations
Alter environment, activity and person
Not medically trained or evaluate cognition
Low vision eval
Intake with social worker
optometrist
What is the difference between optometric and ophthalmologist
optometrist= Dr. of optometry
Ophthalmologist= went through med school
Scotoma
Retinal area with deuced light sensitivity compared to normal
Central scotoma
involves the macula
right in middle
Dense scotoma
does not change what can be seen with bright light b/c no light is coming in
Relative Scotoma
sensitive to bright light and light increases what is seen
What does the client with a scotoma need to have in order for interventions to work
Awareness that the scotoma is present
Preferred Retinal Locus
adjustment of the eyes to a preferred spot to see past scotoma
What is one of the best ways to test for a scotoma
Unfamiliar environment
Wont know where things are so it will be hard to make compensations
Normal Limits for visual Field
Superior= 60
Inferior= 75
Temporal=100
Nasal=60
Gaze Preference
looks of visual field causes the person to adjust their gaze away from the loss
Intervention for Visual Field Defecits
Increase awareness
Teach organized scanning into loss
Use occlusion to force client to attend to neglected side
Incorporate scanning
Neglect
brain does not pay attention to one side/one side does not exist
lack insight into deficits
tend to have difficulties with attention
unorganized approach on cancellation test
What has to come first for Low vision Interventions
Education
Education for Low Vision
Medical- diagnosis, prognosis, outcomes
Safety
Programs available
Eccentric Viewing
Using different area of the retina to view
This spot that is chose is the PRL
Has to know there is a blind spot and where it is
EV Method
Focus on high contrast object 3-5 feet away
look at object
notice where things are blurry
identify clear areas of vision
move eyes toward the missing area and stop when object is clear or complete
Reading Scanning Training
Look at speed
Large print may not work
start with 1 letter and move ip
jump from left column to far right
use anchors
What are colors have the lowest and highest contrast
Lowest= black and navy blue
highest= white and black
Cognition and Vision
Deficits are often interpreted as each other
Important to determine the difference
need strong cognitive skills for making maps of items
Pre-planning cognition
plan out steps that may be difficult ahead of time
make a list and steps that you need to take to be successful
anticipate any other challenges that may arise
