loss of control Flashcards
what is the first element of pleading l.c
- d suffered a loss of control
r v ahluwalia
as there no longer needs to be a sudden loss of control it is possible for d’s to use loss of control
r v ibrahim v gregory
a killing 5 days after the last provocative act showed a desire for revenge and was not allowed
r v bailie
although there was a time lapse, the defence was available because there was no time to cool down
second element for loss of control
Qualifying trigger
fear trigger
or
anger trigger
what is the fear trigger
evidence of victims bad character is relevant here
d’s fear of violence must be genuine - it does not have to be reasonable
r v hatter
the question of what constitutes circumstances of an extremely grave character and caused the defendant to have a justifiable sense of being wronged is decided objectively
r v Clinton
infidelity can’t be considered if it is the only trigger but doesn’t exclude the d from using the defence if other triggers are made
what is the third element of l.c
a reasonable person might have reacted in the same way
what is the standard of self control
’ a person of ds sex and age with a normal degree of tolerance and self restraint and in the circumstances of d, might have reacted in the same or similar way’
r v asmelash
Voluntary intoxication is not a relevant characteristic when it comes to deciding if the reasonable man would have reacted the same or similar way to d