Lord Liverpool and the Tories 1812-30 Flashcards
When was Liverpool PM?
June 1812 to March 1827
When was the Corn Law passed?
March 1815
When was the battle of Waterloo?
June 1815
When was the March of the Blanketeers’?
March 1817
When was the Derbyshire rising?
June 1817
When was the Peterloo massacre?
August 1819
When did George the third die?
January 1820
When was the Cato street Conspiracy?
February 1820
When was the Queen Caroline affair?
February 1820
When did Castlereagh kill himself? What happened as a result?
August 1822
Peel, Huskinsson, Robinson and Canninf dominate governement
When was the Reciprocity Act?
January 1823
When were the combination acts repealed?
Feb 1824
When was the banking crash?
1825 June
When was the Test and Corporation Act repealed?
1828 May
When did Canning die?
August 1828
When did the Goderich ministry start?
August 1828
When did the Wellington ministry start?
January 1829
When was Catholic Emancipation?
April 1829
Which party entered office in November 1830?
The Whigs
What was Luddism?
In 1811 there was an outbreak of protest against the industrial revolution. It began in Nottingham but spread to other areas.
The handloom weavers, traditional craftsmen were at the centre of this
Their action was machine breaking
When were the Hampden clubs formed? What did they do?
1812
A group that encouraged the union of upper and middle class reformers with the working classes.
Hampden clubs were founded all over the country
They held meetings and published newspapers
Survived govt attempts to suppress it with spies
Had large membership for the time
What happened at Peterloo? When was it? How many died?
The Patriotic Union Society in Manchester (inspired by Hampden clubs) met in St Peter’s field, August 1819
Henry ‘orator’ Hunt was due to speak about reform
Large crowd (50,000 to 60,000 expected) - concerns that a riot may occur) 1000 troops assembled and special constables hired
Order the arrest of Hunt and the Yeomanry advance, the crowd resists
15 killed 400 wounded. This caused national outrage
What was the importance of the emergence of a radical press?
Radical press aided the movement
The ‘political register’ was a newspaper founded by William Cobbett in 1802
- had a circulation of 40,000
Leeds Mercury was aimed at the respectable middle classes - advocated extending the vote to all taxpayers
Sheffield Independent and Manchester Guardian appealed for freer trade and changes in economic policy
Radical speakers like Henry Hunt also played their part
What divided radicals? What issues did they face
How far democracy should go
Whether there should be property qualification for voting
Difficult to meet and coordinate for to the ‘seditious meetings’ legislation and radicals didn’t always get along
Made little appeal to agricultural workers and radical ideas frightened local gentry who controlled areas in Britain
The reformers could not agree on a single programme and often faces effective govt repression.
When did the Political Union societies begin? How many petitions to parliament did they co-ordinate?
1818
2,000 petitions
What was the March of the Blanketeers?
Protest march to London to protest the hardships of handloom weavers in the North West to the Prince reagent
Only got seven miles to Stockport
John Johnson (Hampden club missionary) who led it arrested after infiltrated by spies
When was the Derbyshire Rising? How was it foiled?
June 1817
Foiled by informer Oliver the Spy
300 iron workers and stocking makers involved
What was the Cato Street Conspiracy?
A govt spy encouraged a group of London radicals (led by Arthur Thistlewood) to plan to murder the cabinet
The house on Cato Street was raided and conspirators dealt with (4 hanged)
Thistlewood hanged and beheaded 1820
Example of use of spies and provocation
This was not liked by the general public, seen as very extreme
What was the Queen Caroline affair?
George the 4th wife (Queen Caroline) had taken lovers abroad and he wanted to divorce her.
June 1820 she arrived back in England to be queen and George convinced Liverpool to make a bill to end the marriage
Whig opposition, radicals and popular opinion supported the Queen. This was a way to opposing the Crown and govt. The Bill failed
What happened to radicalism in the early 1820’s?
It went into a decline
When was Habeas Corpus suspended under Liverpool?
1817
When was Machine breaking made a hanging offence? Why?
Due to the outbreaks of 1811-1812 of Luddism
1812
What were the Six Acts? When were they introduced?
1819
Newspaper and Stamp Duties Act (hit low cost radical publications)
Misdemeanours Act
Blasphemous and Seditious Libels Act
Seditious Meetings Prevention Act ( no more than 50 people)
Seizure of Arms Act
Training Preventions Act
What repression idea of Pitt’s did Liverpool revive?
The ‘Gagging Acts’