Looking Inside Cells Flashcards
Cell membrane
A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances pass in/out of a cell
Nucleus
A large oval organelle that contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cell’s activities
Cell wall
A rigid layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms to help support/protect the cell
Organelle
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function
Nuclear envelope
The membrane that the nucleus is surrounded by. The nuclear envelope also controls which materials pass in/out of the nucleus
Nucleolus
Where ribosomes are made in the nucleus
Ribosomes
Small organelles that produce proteins
Cytoplasm
The gel-like fluid that fills the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus that supports organelles and moves constantly
Mitochondria
Rod-shaped organelles that convert energy from food molecules into energy that a cell can use to carry out functions
Golgi apparatus
Receives proteins and materials from the ER, packages them, and distributes to the cell or the outside of the cell
Vacuole
Stores water, food, or other materials needed by the cell.
Chloroplast
Captures solar energy and converts it into some thing cells can use in making food
Lysosomes
An organelle that breaks down large food particles. Lysosomes are only found in animal cells and recycle old cell parts
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
An organelle that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are transported around the cell
