Long Term Memory Model Flashcards

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1
Q

Who suggested this model and what date ?

A

Tulving - 1972

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2
Q

What is Procedural memory ?

A

The memory of how to do things and can retain these memories after you have forgotten being taught. P
E.g. tying shoelaces, writing

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3
Q

What is declarative memory?

A

The memory of meaningful events
E.g. remembering going on a journey but have forgotten how to get there

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4
Q

What are the two subcategories of the declarative memory?

A

Semantic and episodic memory

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5
Q

What is episodic memory?

A

Part of the long term memory responsible for storing information about events from our lives.
These are autobiographical as you have personally experienced it.
E.g. your first day of school

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6
Q

Episodic memories seem to be BLANK BLANK which is why they can be triggered by a sight/ sound/ smell

A

Perceptually encoded

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7
Q

AO3 - Clive Wearing (5)

A
  • musician who suffered brain damage from a viral infection
  • lost ability to encode new long term memories as he forgets everything new within 30secs
  • still has semantic memory as he remembers he loves his wife Deborah
  • still has procedural memory as he can still play piano and conduct a choir
  • therefore, this shows there are separate stores
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8
Q

AO3 - Godden and Baddeley (1974)

A
  • divers who learned words underwater recalled them better underwater than on the surface and vice versa
  • this shows memories can be jogged by context cues that remind you of when and where the original memory was encoded
  • supports the idea that episodic memories are perceptually encoded
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9
Q

AO3 - Baddeley Classic study (1966b)

A
  • participants struggled with word lists linked by a common theme
  • semantic a similarity confused the LTM
  • supports the idea that part of the LTM works semantically
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10
Q

AO3 - Tulving case study of K.C. (1981)

A
  • K.C suffered brain damage and lost all episodic memories
  • he could still remember things he learnt in books like dates and definitions, therefore his semantic memory was still intact
  • evidence for separate semantic and episodic memory stores
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11
Q

AO3 - Squire and Zola( 1998)

A
  • children with amnesia never go the chance to acquire a semantic store but adults with amnesia has episodic and semantic memories before brain damage.
  • however, both of them did equally as bad on a test of episodic and semantic memory.
  • this opposes the LTM model as it suggests that there are two memory functions that are linked or even the same thing
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