Long Term Memory Flashcards
What are the 3 types of LTM
Procedural, semantic, episodic
What is Episodic memory
Memory of personal experiences such as your first day at school(requires conscious recall and is time-stamped)
What is semantic memory
Memory for facts, knowledge and meaning of the world around us such as the capital of a country(requires conscious recall but is not time-stamped)
What is procedural memory
Memory of how to perform certain actions, skills and tasks which have become automatic such as how to ride a bike(does not require conscious recall)
Is episodic memory implicit or explicit
Explicit
Is semantic memory implicit or explicit
Explicit
Is procedural memory implicit or explicit
implicit
What part of the brain is episodic memory found
Hippocampus
What part of the brain is semantic memory found
Temporal lobe
What part of the brain is procedural memory found
Cerebellum and motor cortex
Strengths of LTM
Brain scans provide support for the different types of LTM.
Support for the distinction between implicit and explicit LTM comes from the case study of Patient HM and PM
Development of Real world applications- memory training(Belleville et al.)
Who was Patient HM
- Went under experimental procedure to treat his severe epilepsy by removing parts of his hippocampus and surrounding tissue
- HMs epilepsy was greatly reduced be he developed anterograde amnesia meaning he was not able to form long-term memory
- He was able to retain information before the surgery but was not able to remember any new information for more than a few minutes
- Able to retain procedural tasks(implicit) but not explicit tasks
Who was patient PM
- Severe memory loss such as episodic memory and semantic memory
- He could only remember his brother and his care-giver
- Unable to remember most long-term memory such as biographical details from his past and lyrics to well-known songs
His explicit memory was not intact but his implicit memory was as he was able to play the cello and able to sight-read
