Long term conditions Flashcards
What care type places the patient in best hands
patient - centered
what is patient- centered health care
provision of care that places the patient at the centre, this allows the healthcare system to meet the needs and preferences of patients defined by the patient
The principles of patient centered health care are brought together by
The international alliance of patients organisations - declaration on patient -centered healthcare
What principles does the patient - centered declaration outline
RESPECT CHOICE AND EMPOWERMENT PATIENT INVOLVEMENT IN HEALTH POLICY ACCESS AND SUPPORT INFORMATION
name some of the multiple handicaps
physical, social and psychological well-being
Those living with long term conditions may have what
family life constraints,
not able to work due to no functional capacity, physical discomfort
who are long term conditions more prevalent in
elderly and those who are deprived
long term conditions account for what percentage of appointments
50% - GP
63% - outpatients
70% - impatient day beds
consequences and causes
that the concern, certainly in public health terms, is as much with the consequences of such long-term illness as with establishing the causes.
incidence meaning
about trends in causation and the aetiology of disease.
useful when planning
prevalence meaning
the amount of disease in a population -
can assess workload for health service and can study the disease
long term conditions are usually the end result of what 3 factors
- give example
genetic factors
environmental factors
There might be both or neither
- cigarette smoke
what is vulnerability
An individuals capacity to resist disease, repair damage and restore physiological homeostasis can be deemed vulnerability.
natural disease history - how can they vary
Some may have an acute onset such as stroke or MI
Some may be gradual with a slow or more rapid deterioration (e.g. angina)
There may on the other hand be relapse and remission e.g. cancer.
Treatment can be aimed at
the disease, or the effect of the disease
Give some examples of burden of treatments
- changing behaviour
- policing behaviour of others
- patients/caregivers have to monitor management at home
- may have to collect clinical data
- adhering to complex treatment regimes -multiple drugs (polypharmacy)
- Complex administrative systems
the loss of social interaction and confidence
biographical distribution
chronic illnesses are not just personal .. they are?
also the result of shared experiences and interactions with others, which may involve `re-negotiating’ existing relationships at work and at home.
stigma over conditions
dilemma whether to disclose their condition or attempt to conceal the condition or aspects of it
who can be impacted by long term conditions
the individual - self-pity, denial
family - emotional and physical (other family members may become ill)
- community/society - isolation may result
What is an expert patient ?
when a patient has an indepth knowledge of their condition, sometimes exceeding the health care professionals
- benefits patients care and quality of life
- patients become key decision makers in the treatment process
define disability - dictionary and WHO
Lacking in one or more physical powers such as the ability to walk or coordinate ones movements
WHO - Body and Structure Impairment
Activity Limitation
Participation Restrictions
Medical models of disability (4)
Individual/personal cause e.g. accident whilst drunk
Underlying pathology e.g. morbid obesity
Individual level intervention e.g. health professionals advise individually
Individual change/adjustment e.g. change in behaviour
Social mode of disability (4)
Societal cause e.g. low wages
Conditions relating to housing
Social/Political action needed e.g. facilities for disabled
Societal attitude change e.g. use of politically correct language.
