Long QT Syndrome Flashcards
1
Q
What is long QT syndrome?
A
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetic or acquired condition characterised by a prolonged QT interval on the surface ECG and is associated with a high risk of sudden cardiac death due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
2
Q
What are the risk factors for long QT syndrome?
A
- History of known gene mutations (e.g. KCNQ1 KCNH2 or SCN5A gene mutations)
- QT interval prolonging drugs
- Hypokalaemia
- Hypomagnesia
- Hypocalcaemia
- CNS lesions
- Bradycardia
3
Q
Give examples of QT interval prolonging drugs
A
Some of the drugs known to prolong the QT interval or cause depletion of potassium and/or magnesium are quinidine, procainamide, sotalol, amiodarone, disopyramide, dofetilide, phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, and methadone.
4
Q
What are the signs of long QT syndrome?
A
5
Q
What are the symptoms of long QT syndrome?
A
- Syncope
- Can occur at rest, arousal, surprise or adrenergic states
- Palpitations
6
Q
What investigations should be ordered for long QT syndrome?
A
