Long answer

Question 1

List 5 ways the Cardiovascular and Respiratory systems adapt/change due to endurance training.
(5 marks) (TIPS)

Answer 1

• Increased heart and blood volume
• stroke volume at rest
• taking less breaths
• body can use oxygen more
• lover overall heart rate

Question 2

Explain the pathway of Electrical Conduction System of the heart. (5 Marks) (TIPS)

Answer 2

SA node > atrial muscles contract > AV node > bundle of HIS> bundle of branches > purkinje fibers> ventricles contract

Question 3

1. The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart, ___________ and blood.

Answer 3

Blood vessels

Question 4

2. In ___________ circulation, deoxygenated blood is pumped from the body to the lungs.

Answer 4

Pulmonary

Question 5

3. The cells of the ___________ are interconnected and allow the passage of electrical

Answer 5

Cardiac muscle

Question 6

4. Blood is supplied to the heart through the right and left coronary _____________

Answer 6

artery

Question 7

5. The _________is defined as a series of events that occur through one heartbeat.

Answer 7

Cardiac cycle

Question 8

6.__________is the pressure observed in the arteries during the relaxation of the heart.

Answer 8

Diastolic

Question 9

7. The network of vessels that transport fluid throughout the body is known as the ___________ system.

Answer 9

Circulatory

Question 10

8. The term __________ describes the phenomenon where, with each contraction of a
   skeletal muscle, blood is pushed back to the heart.

Answer 10

Skeletal muscle pump

Question 11

9. The number of times a heart contracts in one minute is referred to as __________

Answer 11

Heart rate

Question 12

10. A decrease in heart rate at rest and during sub-maximal exercise is _____________

Answer 12

Bradycardia

Question 13

11. The _________ zone comprises all of the structures that convey air outside the body to
    the lungs.

Answer 13

Conducting

Question 14

12. The respiratory zone is composed of the alveolar sacs, the _________________ and the alveolar ducts.

Answer 14

Bronchioles

Question 15

13. The chest cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by the ___________ , a large
    flat muscle.

Answer 15

Diaphragm

Question 16

14. ________ lung volumes are determined by the actual structure of the lung.

Answer 16

Tidal

Question 17

15. Gas exchange is mediated both at the lung and the tissue by _________

Answer 17

Blood

Question 18

16. __________ Law states that the amount of gas that will dissolve into a liquid is
    proportional to the partial pressure AND the solubility of the gas.

Answer 18

Henry’s

Question 19

17. Blood pH is a measure of how __________
    or basic blood is.

Answer 19

Acidic

Question 20

18. _______________refers to the difference b/w the amount of O, in arteries and veins.

Answer 20

a-VO2 diff

Question 21

19. Oxygen ___________ represents the difference b/w the O, required to perform a task
    and that (O,) consumed prior to reaching a new “steady state”

Answer 21

deficit