LoN in the 1930s Flashcards
state the problem, the response and the effect in the Manchuria crisis in 1931-33:
- Problem:
- Japan invaded Manchuria (North-East China)
- Response:
- After a long delay, no action was taken
- Effect:
- Made the League seem weak and ineffective
state the problem, the response and the effect of disarmament in 1932-34:
- Problem:
- Germany complained that only it had disarmed
- Response:
- League could not get other members to agree to disarm
- Effect:
- Germany left the League in 1933 and began to rearm openly
- League members such as Britain no longer tried to stop it
- League members also began to rearm themselves
state the problem, the response and the effect of the Abyssinian Crisis in 1935-36:
- Problem:
- Italy invaded Abyssinia
- Response:
- League members could not agree effective sanctions against Italy. Britain and France tried to do a secret deal to give most of Abyssinia to Italy
- Effect:
- League was seen as powerless and irrelevant
what was the economic depression?
- Late 1920s -> Boom in world trade
- 1929 -> USA Wall Street Crash started a long depression that quickly caused economic problems throughout the world
- As US loans dried up, businesses in many countries went bust, leading to unemployment
- Some countries tried to protect their own industries by bringing in tariffs to stop imports
- Germany, Japan, Italy and Britain started to rearm
How did the economic depression affect the USA?
- One way the LoN could prevent invasions was with economic sanctions
- Depression made USA unwilling to help because it would make it worse
How did the economic depression affect Britain?
- Unwilling to help sort out international disputes
- When Japan invaded Manchuria they did nothing
How did the economic depression affect Japan?
- Depression threatened to bankrupt Japan
- In need of raw materials e.g silk from USA
How did the economic depression affect Germany?
- Hit Germany badly
- Unemployment
- Poverty
- Chaos
- Adolf Hitler came to power to lead
How did the economic depression affect Italy?
-Economic problema encouraged Mussolini to try and build an overseas empire to distract people’s attention from the difficulties the government faced
What was the Manchurian Crisis, 1931-33?
- Japan has become a major power by 1920s with growing economy, population and military
- Rise of right wing militarism in Japan in 1920s and 1930s
- Exacerbated by Great Depression
- Desire to build an empire (imperialism) due to militarism and economic situation
- Japan looks to eastern China; province of Manchuria (Manchuoko)
What happened to the South Manchurian Railway, 1931?
-Controlled by the Japanese, link to Chinese territory Japanese looking for an excuse to invade Manchuria, Japanese claimed that the railway was attached by the Chinese
How did Japan take charge in Manchuria?
-The Japanese sent military power, annexing
Why did China appeal to the LoN?
- Japan is part of the League so China also has to be part of it to resist the Japanese
- China is powerless
- Their only choice is joining the League
How did the LoN act upon the Manchurian Crisis?
- League is slow to act, League takes over a year to publish the report of the Japanese invading China - LoN sides with China and demands the Japanese to retreat back to Japan
- Very slow to respond, Britain and France don’t want to act against Japan
How did the Japanese react: withdrawal from LoN and invasion of Jehol, 1933?
- They left the League of Nations
- Japan is outraged and they immediately resign
- This makes them free and Jehol is then invaded in 1933
- League of Nations is indecisive
- Japan can now do whatever they want