LON AND INTERNATIONAL PEACE - League of Nations

Question 1

What were the LON aims?

Answer 1

1) Maintain peace
- disarmament (reducing weapons)
- arbitration (discussions not fighting)
- Collective security
2) Encourage cooperation
- help solve economic and social problems (disease, slavery, poor working/ living conditions)

Question 2

Who joined the LON initially?

Answer 2

42

Question 3

How many members were there in the 1930s?

Answer 3

60 (making LON look strong)

Question 4

What did the assembly do?

Answer 4

1) met once a year
2) discussed matters like maintaining peace
3) Every member had one vote at the assembly
4)Decisions could only be made if everyone agreed

Question 5

What did the council do?

Answer 5

1) met 4 times a year
2) permanent members (GB,F,I,J, later G)
3) temporary members
4) dealt with international affairs - aimed to settle disputes
5) all had a vote, PM had veto (reject council’s decision)

Question 6

What did the secretariat do?

Answer 6

Carry out work of the league, like a civil service

Question 7

What did the international labour organisation?

Answer 7

They discussed and made suggestions to improve working conditions.

Question 8

What did the permanent court of international justice?

Answer 8

made of 15 judges - settle international disputes

Question 9

What could the PCIJ do ?

Answer 9

1) decide which country is in the right
2) tell a country it was doing wrong
3) impose sanctions

Question 10

What sanctions were there in LON?

Answer 10

1) moral condemnation ( Tell a country off)
2) Economic sanctions (penalty damaging economy e.g. stop trading)
3) Military sanctions (send troops - LON didn’t have its own army - use LON members armies)

Question 11

What did the International Labour Organisation do? - success / failure?

Answer 11

1) aimed to improve working conditions
+ 77 countries set min. wages
+ attempted to ban dangerous white paint
- kids under 14 still worked
- working hours were still 8 hr +

Question 12

What did the slavery commission do? - success / failure?

Answer 12

1) aimed to abolish slavery
+ slavery abolished in sierra leone (200,000 set free in 1927)

Question 13

What did the health organisation do? - success / failure?

Answer 13

+ set campaigns to kill mosquitoes
+ sent doctors to help refugees

Question 14

What did the commission for refugees? - success / failure?

Answer 14

aim: return prisoners of war and refugees home, improve camp conditions
+ freed 500,000 prisoners, returned them home
+1.5 mil fled to russian refugee camps
- jews fleeing germany had less power (G rejected appointing this as a higher commission)

Question 15

What did the permanent central opium board do? - success / failure?

Answer 15

aim: to stop cultivation and drug distribution
+ installed certificate of verification to obtain opium
- members weren’t dedicated as they gained money from opium.

Question 16

What was the purpose of the special commissions?

Answer 16

To tackle issues that the league were worried about

Question 17

Why was there a dispute for Upper silesia?

Answer 17

1) It was a valuable industry
2) Citizens vote (referendum) to be in Germany or Poland was too close to decide

Question 18

How did the LON solve the Upper silesia dispute?

Answer 18

1921 - Divided the area between Poland and Germany

Question 19

Why was there a dispute for The Aaland Islands?

Answer 19

1) A-islands sat between Sweden and Finland
2) belonged to Finland but citizens wanted to be ruled by sweden

Question 20

How did the LON solve the Aaland Islands dispute?

Answer 20

1921 - decided it should be ruled by the finnish.
- both sides accepted this

Question 21

Why was there a dispute for Bulgaria?

Answer 21

1) invaded by Greece in 1925 after border dispute

Question 22

How did the LON solve the Bulgaria dispute?

Answer 22

Ordered Greece to withdraw, this was obeyed

Question 23

Why was there a dispute for Corfu?

Answer 23

1923 - The greek island was occupied by Italy
- response of italian diplomat being shot in greece

Question 24

How did the LON not solve the Corfu dispute?

Answer 24

1) Told italy to leave, fined greeks
2) Italy ignored, demanded compensation from greece
3) LON agreed, greece obeyed and Italy withdrew

Question 25

Why was there a dispute for vilna?

Answer 25

1) The capital of new Lituania.
2) Most were polish
3) poland seized vilna 1919

Question 26

How did the LON not solve the Vilna dispute?

Answer 26

Poland didn’t retreat when told by LON, nothing was done to stop military aggression

Question 27

Why was there a dispute for the Ruhr?

Answer 27

Industrial region of Germany, invaded by france when reparations weren’t being paid

Question 28

How did the LON not solve the Ruhr dispute?

Answer 28

French continued to ship products as LON didn’t intervene. Although USA helped resolve in Dawes plan