Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

psych > lol > Flashcards

lol Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

name the 2 types of research.

A

experimental and correlational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does a correlation coefficient (R) do?

A

indicates the strength and direction of the relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a Positive Relationship?

A

as x increases, x increases (diagonal line up)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is a negative Relationship?

A

as x increase, y decreases (diagonal line down)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

at what number (s) is the strongest correlation?

A

1, -1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

name the 3 scientific approaches.

A
  1. survey
  2. case study
  3. naturalistic observation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

name a pro and con of correlation research.

A

pro: can study what experiments can’t
con: don’t no direct cause and effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

individuals person assessments of their overall happiness or life satisfaction. What is this?

A

subjective well-being

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the 6 unimportant factors of well being?

A
  1. money
  2. gender
  3. parenthood
  4. Intelligence
  5. Age
  6. attractiveness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 5 somewhat important factors of well being?

A
  1. culture
  2. leisure
  3. religion
  4. health
  5. social relations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the 3 important factors of well being?

A
  1. love
  2. work
  3. genetics/ personality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

state 4 facts about subjective well being.

A
  1. subjective feelings over objective realities
  2. everything is relative in happiness
  3. people are bad a predicting what will make them happy
  4. People often adapt to their circumstances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is it called when one predicts one future emotional reactions?

A

affective forecasting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is it called when you changed neutral point based on pleasant and unpleasant experiences?

A

hedonic adaptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

name 4 ways to improve academic performance.

A
  1. develop good study habits
  2. improve your reading
  3. get more out of lectures
  4. apply memory principles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

name 3 ways to develop sound study habits.

A
  1. create a schedule
  2. study somewhere where you can concentrate
  3. reward your studying
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

name 6 ways to Improve your reading.

A
  1. don’t over highlight
  2. find meaning
  3. read section by section
  4. identify key ideas
  5. review key ideas after each section
  6. use chapter outlines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

name 6 ways to get more out of lecures.

A
  1. Attendance
  2. active listening
  3. write notes in your own words
  4. ask questions
  5. figure out what the teacher finds important
  6. read chapters ahead of time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

name 2 ways to apply memory principles.

A
  1. overlearn material

2. test yourself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

name 4 tips for applying memory principles.

A
  1. don’t cram
  2. use mnemonic devices (loci, acrostics, acronyms)
  3. organize information
  4. depth> frequency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is any situation that threatens or is believed to harm one’s well-being, putting one’s coping abilities to the test?

A

stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what it called when stress adds up?

A

cumulative stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

name the 5 main causes of stress/

A
  1. money
  2. family
  3. health
  4. the economy
  5. work
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what 2 questions do we ask during primary appraisal of a stimulus event?

A
  1. Is the event irrelevant or harmless to you? = no stress

2. Is the event relevant or harmful to you? = 2 options

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what 2 questions do we ask during secondary appraisal of a stimulus event?

A
  1. are there Inadequate coping resources? = stress

2. are there Adequate coping resources? = no stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the idea that stress is an opportunity for growth?

A

stress-is-enhancing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the idea that stress is harmful?

A

stress-is-debilitating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

true or false. stress may be embedded in the environment.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is the type of stress that is long lasting environmental conditions?

A

ambient stress

traffic, pollution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is crowding?

A

association between high density and psychological stress.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is a factor that goes hand in hand with ambient stress?

A

poverty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

name 3 aspects of culture in relation to stress.

A
  1. Culture sets the context in which people experience and appraise stress (collectivists cultures)
  2. Racial discrimination affects mental health and well-being
  3. acculturation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is it called when you are changing to adapt to a new culture?

A

acculturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

name the 3 type of stressors.

A
  1. acute (short, endpoint)
  2. chronic (long, no visible end point)
  3. anticipatory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

name the 4 places stressors come from.

A
  1. frustration
  2. internal conflict
  3. change
  4. pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what happens when the pursuit of a goal is prevented?

A

frustration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

name the 3 types of internal conflicts.

A
  1. approach-approach (2 good choices)
  2. approach-avoidance (1 choice with pros and cons)
  3. avoidance-avoidance (2 bad choices)
38
Q

what scale measures change as a form of stress?

A

the SRRS (social readjustment rating scale)

39
Q

change always bad. true or false?

A

false

40
Q

what are the 2 types of pressure?

A

conform and perform

41
Q

what is the emotional stress response?

A

when people are stress, they react emotionally

42
Q

name 3 negative emotional responses.

A
  1. Anger/annoyance
  2. Sadness/grief
  3. Anxiety/fear
43
Q

what makes people less stressed?

A

when theyre able to communicate their feelings

44
Q

what 3 factors effect primary and secondary appraisal of a situation?

A
  1. familiarity
  2. controllability
  3. predictability
45
Q

what is another phrasing for emotional arousal?

A

high levels of emotion

46
Q

what is the correlation between test anxiety and performance?

A

it is negative. as anxiety increases, scores decrease.

47
Q

when does the optimal level of arousal decrease?

A

when tasks become more complex.

48
Q

what are the 3 levels of stress responses?

A
  1. emotional response
  2. physiological response
  3. behavioural response
49
Q

with which type of stressors is the flight or flight response ineffective?

A

chronic and anticipatory

50
Q

what describes the physiological reaction to threat that mobilizes an organism for attacking or fleeing an enemy?

A

fight-or-flight response

51
Q

what does ANS stand for?

A

autonomic nervous system

52
Q

can the ANS be controlled?

A

NO

53
Q

which bodily system conserves bodily resources ?

A

parasympathetic

54
Q

which bodily system conserves bodily resources for emergencies?

A

sympathetic

55
Q

what is the general adaptation syndrome?

A

theory used to capture the general pattern all species exhibit when responding to stress

56
Q

who invented the general adaptation syndrome?

A

Selye

57
Q

name the 3 phases of the GA syndrome.

A
  1. alert (fight or flight)
  2. resistance (coping)
  3. exhaustion (illness)
58
Q

Name the 2 body-brain pathways.

A
  1. Catecholamines

2. Corticosteroids

59
Q

which bodily system is associated with the catecholamines pathway?

A

sympathetic

60
Q

what is the name for the formation of new neurons?

A

neurogenesis

61
Q

can surpassed neurogenesis be a cause to depression?

A

YES

62
Q

name a type of corticosteroid that is often used as a physiological indicator of stress in humans.

A

cortisol

63
Q

what type of gland is the pituitary gland?

A

an endocrine gland

64
Q

what does the endocrine system do?

A

secrets hormones into blood

65
Q

what is the pituitary gland responsible for?

A

signalling to other glands to secrete hormones

66
Q

what hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroids that increase energy?

A

ACTH

67
Q

define coping.

A

effort to tolerate, reduce or master the demands created by stress

68
Q

what are adaptational outcomes?

A

long-lasting effects of stress

69
Q

name the 3 potential effect of stress.

A
  1. impaired task performance
  2. disrupted cognitive functioning
  3. burnout
70
Q

what creates distractions or makes you too focused ?

A

elevated self-consciousness

71
Q

why do people choke under pressure?

A

they focus on performance instead of the actual task

72
Q

what 2 aspects of attention does stress disrupt?

A
  1. jumping to conclusion

2 inability to effectively analyze solutions

73
Q

name the 3 characteristics of burnout.

A
  1. exhaustion
  2. cynicism
  3. negative self- efficacy
74
Q

name the 4 antecedents of burnout.

A
  1. work overload
  2. inadequate recognition
  3. lack of support
  4. lack of autonomy
75
Q

name the 3 consequences of burnout.

A
  1. physical illness
  2. reduced productivity
  3. decrease commitment to job
76
Q

what describes enduring psychological disturbances due to experience a major traumatic event

A

PTSD

77
Q

name 5 psychological problems that can occur from stress.

A
  1. depression
  2. anxiety
  3. substance abuse
  4. insomnia
  5. eating disorders
78
Q

name 4 symptoms of PTSD

A
  1. nightmares
  2. alienation
  3. depression
  4. risk of substance abuse
79
Q

what makes it more likely to develop PTSD?

A

a bigger reaction to the event

80
Q

what is the physical illness partly caused by stress and other psychological factors?

A

psychosomatic disease

81
Q

name 3 examples of psychosomatic diseases.

A
  1. high blood pressure
  2. asthma
  3. migrants
82
Q

what shift the field away from negativity?

A

positive psychology movement

83
Q

name 2 positive factors of stress.

A
  1. posttraumatic growth

2. increase in stress tolerance

84
Q

what are the 3 moderating variables that may reduce the impact of stress on physical and mental health?

A
  1. social support
  2. hardiness
  3. optimism
85
Q

what describes the ability to endure difficult conditions?

A

hardiness

86
Q

name 2 ways people use hardiness.

A
  1. alter appraisal

2. create more active coping

87
Q

which approach changes behaviour through conditioning?

A

behavioural modification approach

88
Q

what does the BM approach do?

A

Replace undesirable behavioural patterns with desirable ones

89
Q

name the 5 steps of the BM approach.

A
  1. pinpoint specific behaviour
  2. observe beviour prior
  3. design plan
  4. start
  5. reaching specific goal
90
Q

what 3 things must be monitored in the 2nd step of the BM approach?

A
  1. reinforcers
  2. antecedents
  3. baseline for comparison (number/ amount)
91
Q

what 3 things must be done in the 3rd step of the BM approach?

A
  1. find your reinforcers
  2. set up reinforcement contingencies
  3. be realistic
92
Q

what 2 factors can help in the 4th step of the BM approach?

A
  • creating a contract

- be open to changing your plan

psych (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions