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1
Q

When was the first known mention of vines being planted in the Loire Valley?

A

The 1st century by a Roman officer

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2
Q

When were vineyards first mentioned in Touraine and Sancerre?

A

In the 6th century

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3
Q

Why is there an abundance of Chateaux along the Loire River?

A

The French royal court was located in the Loire in the 15th century. They moved back to Paris in the 16th century but much of the wealthy nobility stayed in the Loire

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4
Q

Which famous painter settled and died in the Loire Valley in the early 16th century?

A

Leonardo da Vinci

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5
Q

When did phylloxera hit the Loire Valley?

A

1877

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6
Q

Which Loire vintages propelled the image of Loire Valley wines?

A

1995 and 1996

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7
Q

Roughly what percentage of the Loire is either sustainably or organically farmed?

A

30%

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8
Q

Roughly what percentage of the Loire Valley’s wines are AOC?

A

78%

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9
Q

What percentage of Loire wine production is released as Vin de France?

A

12%

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10
Q

What are the 5 IGPs for wine covering the Loire Valley?

A

Val de Loire
Cotes de la Charite
Coteaux de Tannay
Coteaux du Cher et de l’Arnon
Puy de Dome

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11
Q

What percentage of Loire production is released as Val du Loire IGP?

A

9%

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12
Q

Roughly how many hectares are covered by Val de Loire IGP?

A

4600ha

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13
Q

Roughly how many hectares are covered by Val de Loire IGP?

A

4600ha

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14
Q

What are vin Gris from the Loire?

A

Very pale rose wines

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15
Q

What latitude is the majority of the Loire Valley on?

A

47th parallel

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16
Q

Roughly how long is the Loire River?

A

1000km

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17
Q

What is the climate of Nantais?

A

Cool maritime

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18
Q

What is the climate of Anjou?

A

Slightly warmer than Nantais, more temperate-oceanic

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19
Q

What is the climate of Saumur and Touraine?

A

Slightly more continental than maritime as further from the Atlantic

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20
Q

What is the climate of the central vineyards?

A

Continental

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21
Q

What is the major climactic issue for the Loire?

A

Frost

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22
Q

Other than frost, what other climactic issues threaten the Loire Valley?

A

Mildew, autumn rain, and hail

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23
Q

How much of France’s Sauvignon Blanc comes from the Loire Valley?

A

Roughly 33%

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24
Q

Where is thought to be the home of Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Touraine and Central Vineyards, Loire Valley

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25
Q

When was Sauvignon Blanc first mentioned in history in the Loire?

A

1534 (as Fiers)

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26
Q

When was Sauvignon Blanc first mentioned as being in Sancerre and Pouilly Fume?

A

1783

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27
Q

What are the common aromas of Loire Valley Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Gooseberry, elderflower, nettles, and citrus

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28
Q

How is Sauvignon Blanc traditionally treated in the winery in the Loire Valley?

A

Often machine harvest, fermented in stainless steel and without seeing oak to retain freshness and tension

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29
Q

What percentage of France’s Chenin Blanc production comes from the Loire Valley?

A

93%

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30
Q

Where is the home of Chenin Blanc and what was it previously known as?

A

Anjou/Saumur
Previously known as Pineau d’Anjou or Pineau de la Loire

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31
Q

What is a fallback of Chenin Blanc in the Loire Valley?

A

Early budding making susceptible to frost

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32
Q

What are the 2 subregions famed for sweet Chenin Blanc in the Loire?

A

Quarts de Chaume and Bonnezeaux

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33
Q

Where is Melon de Bourgogne planted in the Loire?

A

Muscadet

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34
Q

Since when has Melon de Bourgogne been planted in Nantais?

A

1600s

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35
Q

What percentage of France’s Melon de Bourgogne plantings are in Nantais?

A

99.9%

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36
Q

What are the typical tasting notes of Melon de Bourgogne from the Lorie (without extensive lees aging)?

A

Pale, light, and neutral in flavour with good acidity

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37
Q

How is Melon de Bourgogne most commonly influenced in the winery in Muscadet?

A

With extended lees aging

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38
Q

Where is Chardonnay most commonly found in the Loire Valley?

A

Often blended with other varieties or into sparkling wines

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39
Q

What Loire appellation uses 100% Chardonnay?

A

Auvergne

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40
Q

Which upper Loire subregion allows for Chardonnay?

A

Saint-Pourcain

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41
Q

What is the most planted red grape of the Loire Valley?

A

Cabernet Franc

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42
Q

When was Cabernet Franc first mentioned in the Loire Valley?

A

1534

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43
Q

Where is Cabernet Franc most commonly found in the Loire?

A

Saumur and Touraine

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44
Q

What is the most common blending partner for Cabernet Franc in the Loire?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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45
Q

Describe the typical flavours found in Loire Valley Cabernet Franc

A

Red fruit and flora notes with plenty of peppery characters and pyrazine characters

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46
Q

What is the second most planted black grape of the Loire Valley?

A

Gamay

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47
Q

What is the common blending partner in the Loire Valley for Gamay?

A

Pinot Noir

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48
Q

Is Gamay permitted to be used in Cremant de Loire?

A

No

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49
Q

Where is Gamay most prevalent as a single variety in the Loire Valley?

A

The Upper Loire, just to the west of Beaujolais

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50
Q

When was Pinot Noir first recorded in the Loire Valley?

A

14th century

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51
Q

What percentage of the Loire’s Central Vineyards are made up of Pinot Noir?

A

15%

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52
Q

Is Pinot Noir permitted in Cremant de Loire?

A

Yes

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53
Q

In which Loire wines is Grolleau often found?

A

Off-dry Rose d’Anjou and sparkling wines

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54
Q

Is Grolleau usually found as a blend or a single variety in the Loire?

A

A blend

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55
Q

Which ancient Loire grape variety is related to the Pinot family?

A

Pineau d’Aunis

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56
Q

Where region of the Loire’s Central Vineyards Valley is Pineau d’Aunis almost exclusively planted in?

A

Touraine

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57
Q

Which Loire appellation are most significant for Pineau d’Aunis?

A

Coteaux du Vendomois and Coteaux du Loir

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58
Q

What name for Malbec is used in the Loire Valley?

A

Cot

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59
Q

What are the parents grapes of Cot?

A

Madeleine Noire des Charante and Prunelard

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60
Q

How much earlier does Cot ripen than Cabernet Franc in the Loire Valley?

A

2 weeks earlier

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61
Q

Where is the majority of the Loire’s Cot planted?

A

Touraine

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62
Q

Briefly describe the 1989 vintage in the Loire

A

Excellent
Almost perfect conditions through summer and autumn meant great ripeness

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63
Q

Briefly describe the 1990 vintage in the Loire

A

Above average
Very good year with plenty of ripeness and charm in the wines

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64
Q

Briefly describe the 1991 vintage in the Loire

A

Below average
Spring frosts devastated vineyards and May was cold but the rest of the season was satisfactory

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65
Q

Briefly describe the 1992 vintage in the Loire

A

Poor
Yields were extremely high and vines too vigorous. Almost all wines diluted and poor quality

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66
Q

Briefly describe the 1993 vintage in the Loire

A

Average
Most grapes ripened well but the wines are past their best. Good sweet wines

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67
Q

Briefly describe the 1994 vintage in the Loire

A

Below average
Severe frost destroyed much of Touraine but Saumur did well and good sweet wines were made. Many vines hit with rot in a wet September

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68
Q

Briefly describe the 1995 vintage in the Loire

A

Excellent
A landmark vintage for the Loire. Little frost damage followed by a hot summer meant plenty of ripeness in the grapes. Some rain in September but not enough to impact grapes. All wine styles produced at high levels

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69
Q

Briefly describe the 1996 vintage in the Loire

A

Excellent
The second landmark vintages for Loire. Hot summer and dry autumn meant plenty of ripeness and concentration. Not many sweet wines made due to lack of humidity in September

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70
Q

Briefly describe the 1997 vintage in the Loire

A

Above average
A very hot year making good quality wines but with less balance than 95 and 96. Many wines a bit flabby and unbalanced. On the whole another great year

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71
Q

Briefly describe the 1998 vintage in the Loire

A

Poor
Spring and summer were very good but a very wet September ruined much of the harvest. Even the top wines lack the concentration and depth of previous years

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72
Q

Briefly describe the 1999 vintage in the Loire

A

Average
Very producer dependant. The better producers green harvested in July allowing for more controlled yields. Those who didn’t found low concentration and balance in the grapes come harvest. Whites from Muscadet and the Central Vineyards most successful

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73
Q

Briefly describe the 2000 vintage in the Loire

A

Average
A poor July led to reduced yields though a good august allowed for some recovery and quality. Sweet wines suffered

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74
Q

Briefly describe the 2001 vintage in the Loire

A

Average
A more region specific year. Muscadet performed very well but the Central Vineyards were wrecked by autumn rains and rot. Good sweet wines produced from Saumur and Touraine

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75
Q

Briefly describe the 2002 vintage in the Loire

A

Excellent
A cooler year characterised by tension and good acidity across all regions with lots of balance

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76
Q

Briefly describe the 2003 vintage in the Loire

A

Above average
Most regions performed very well except for Sauvignon Blanc in the central Vineyards and Touraine which was overripe. Not many sweet wines

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77
Q

Briefly describe the 2004 vintage in the Loire

A

Above average
Very good across the board. A classic vintage though not exceptional

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78
Q

Briefly describe the 2005 vintage in the Loire

A

Above average
Drought reduced yields but overall there was good quality and concentration

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79
Q

Briefly describe the 2006 vintage in the Loire

A

Poor
July heatwave followed by cold, wet weather for the rest of the season meaning very uneven ripeness and poor quality

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80
Q

Briefly describe the 2007 vintage in the Loire

A

Below average
A cold wet summer led to uneven ripening despite some heat in September. There was also rot during harvest. Some whites fared well

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81
Q

Briefly describe the 2008 vintage in the Loire

A

Average
A tough year. Muscadet wiped out by frost. Cool and dry July/August. Sauvignon in the Central Vineyards did well

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82
Q

Briefly describe the 2009 vintage in the Loire

A

Excellent
Excellent concentration in Muscadet, Saumur, and Touraine. Reduced yields in central Loire but wines still excellent. Fully ripe Cabernet Franc

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83
Q

Briefly describe the 2010 vintage in the Loire

A

Above average
Muscadet and central Loire saw fantastic ripeness and the sweet wines of Touraine blossomed. Cabernet Franc suffered from September rains, though sunshine afterwards recovered some vines

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84
Q

Briefly describe the 2011 vintage in the Loire

A

Below average
Muscadet and Touraine hit with disease and Cabernet Franc failed to ripen evenly. Good Chenin Blanc in Anjou and Layon and Central Vineyards were ok

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85
Q

Briefly describe the 2012 vintage in the Loire

A

Above average
Excellent year for muscadet and very good central vineyards. Cabernet Franc struggled to ripen and little sweet wine produced

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86
Q

Briefly describe the 2013 vintage in the Loire

A

Average
Touraine hit by hail. Elsewhere has good acidity and tension though most reds struggled to ripen and there was disease across the Loire

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87
Q

Briefly describe the 2014 vintage in the Loire

A

Above average
Good quality across all of the Loire. Cabernet Franc and Muscadet performed the best

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88
Q

Briefly describe the 2015 vintage in the Loire

A

Above average
Good quality across the Loire. Best wines come from Central Vineyards and Touraine

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89
Q

Briefly describe the 2016 vintage in the Loire

A

Below average
Frost destroyed most vineyards. Remaining wines had good concentration, mostly from Central Vineyards and Touraine. Most Cabernet Franc was ok

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90
Q

Briefly describe the 2017 vintage in the Loire

A

Below average
Another year of frost, destroying 95% of Savennieres. Remaining wines had good concentration though low acidity. Reds did well

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91
Q

Briefly describe the 2018 vintage in the Loire

A

Average
Good conditions most of the year apart from mildew in June. Lower than average acidity, though reds will age well

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92
Q

Briefly describe the 2019 vintage in the Loire

A

Average
Frost devastated again, though the remaining wines are of very good quality thanks to a warm June. Very few sweets produced

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93
Q

Briefly describe the 2020 vintage in the Loire

A

Excellent
Almost perfect growing season except for small hail patches. Top quality across the Loire

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94
Q

Briefly describe the 2021 vintage in the Loire

A

Below average
Another year of frost followed by disease. Whites did better than reds

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95
Q

Briefly describe the 2022 vintage in the Loire

A

Above average
Good quality vintage with ripeness and acidity. Wines will age

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96
Q

When was Domaine Huet established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1928
Vouvray

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97
Q

Name 3 of Domaine Huet’s top cuvées

A

Vouvray Petillant Brut
Le Haut Lieu
Le Mont
Clos de Bourg
Cuvée Constance

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98
Q

When was Didier Dagueneau established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1982
Pouilly Fume, Sancerre, Vin de France

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99
Q

Name 3 of Didier Dagueneau’s top cuvées

A

Silex
Pur Sang
Buisson Renard
Asteroide
Les Monts Dame

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100
Q

When was the first vintage of Didier Dagueneau’s Silex and Pur Sand cuvées?

A

1985

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101
Q

When was Guiberteau established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1935
Saumur

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102
Q

Name 3 of Domaine Guiberteau’s top cuvées

A

Les Moulins
Clos de Guichaux
Breze
Clos des Carmes
Les Arboises

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103
Q

When was Domaine Francois Chidaine established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1989
Montlouis-sur-Loire, Vouvray

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104
Q

Name 3 of Domaine Francois Chidaine’s top cuvées

A

Clos du Breuil (monopole)
Baudin
Les Bournais
Les Tuffeaux
Les Choisilles

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105
Q

When was Nicolas Joly established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1962
Savennieres

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106
Q

Name 3 of Nicolas Joly’s top cuvées

A

Les Vieux Clos
Le Clos de la Bergerie
La Coulee de Serrant

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107
Q

When was Domaine Francois Cotat established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1947
Sancerre

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108
Q

Name 3 of Domaine Francois Cotat’s top cuvées

A

La Grand Côte
Les Monts Damnes
Cul de Beaujeu
Caillottes
Cuvée Paul

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109
Q

When was the first vintage of Domaine Francois Cotat’s Caillottes Sancerre?

A

2005

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110
Q

When was Domaine Thibaud Boudignon established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

2009
Savennieres, Anjou

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111
Q

Name 3 of Domaine Thibaud Boudignon’s top cuvées

A

Les Fougerais
Clos de la Hutte
Anjou Blanc
La Vigne Cendree
Clos de Fremine

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112
Q

When was Domaine des Baumard established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

Established 1634
Savennieres, Quarts de Chaume, Coteaux du Layon, Anjou

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113
Q

Name 3 of Domaine des Baumard’s top cuvées

A

Savennieres
Savennieres Tries speciale
Savennieres Clos du Papillon
Coteaux du Layon
Quarts de Chaume

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114
Q

When was Domaine Vignoble de l’Ecru established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1972
Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine

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115
Q

Name 3 of Domaine Vignoble de l’Ecru’s top cuvees

A

Cuvee Classique
Gneiss
Orthogneiss
Granite
Taurus

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116
Q

When was Domaine Edmond Vatan established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

Mid 18th century
Sancerre

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117
Q

Name Domaine Edmond Vatan’s top cuvees

A

Clos la Neore Blanc
Clos la Neore Rouge

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118
Q

When was Domaine de la Pepiere established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1984
Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine

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119
Q

Name 3 of Domaine de la Pepiere’s top cuvees

A

Clisson
Chateau Thebaud
Monnieres Saint Fiacre
Gorges

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120
Q

When was Domaine du Clos Naudin established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1923
Vouvray

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121
Q

Name 3 of Domaine du Clos Naudin’s top cuvees

A

Vouvray Brut
Vouvray Brut Reserve Millesime
Vouvray Moelleux Reserve
Vouvray Moelleux Goutte d’Or
Vouvray Demi-Sec

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122
Q

When was Domaine du Collier established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1999
Saumur

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123
Q

Name 3 of Domaine du Collier’s top cuvees

A

Saumur Blanc
Saumur Blanc La Charpentrie
Saumur Rouge La Charpentrie
Saumur Rouge La Ripaille

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124
Q

When was Domaine Alphonse Mellot established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1513
Sancerre

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125
Q

Name 3 of Domaine Alphonse Mellot’s top cuvees

A

La Moussiere
Edmond
Generation XIX
La Demoiselle
En Grands Champs

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126
Q

When was Domaine de Belliviere established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1995
Jasnieres, Coteaux du Loir

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127
Q

Name 3 of Domaine de Belliviere’s top cuvees

A

Les Rosieres
Calligramme
VV Eparses
Haut Rasne
Hommage a Louis Derre

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128
Q

When was Domaine aux Moines established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

12th century
Savennieres, Anjou

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129
Q

Name 3 of Domaine aux Moines’s top cuvees

A

Savennieres Roche aux Moines
Cuvees des Nonnes Moelleux
Cuvee de l’Abbesse Doux
Anjou Villages Rouge

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130
Q

When was Domaine Gerard Boulay established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1380
Sancerre

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131
Q

Name 3 of Domaine Gerard Boulay’s top cuvees

A

Clos du Beaujeu
Monts Damnes
Comtesse
La Cote

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132
Q

When was Domaine Lucien Crochet established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

Mid 20th century
Sancerre

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133
Q

Name 3 of Domaine Lucien Crochet’s top cuvees

A

Les Calcaires
Le Chene Marchand
La Croix du Roy
Cuvee Prestige
Vendagne du 7 October

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134
Q

When was Domaine Landron established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1945
Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine

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135
Q

Name 2 of Domaine Landron’s top cuvees

A

Atmospheres Brut NV
Le Fied du Breil
Les Houx

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136
Q

When was Clos Rougeard established and what regions do they produce wine in?

A

1894
Saumur & Saumur Champigny

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137
Q

Name 3 of Clos Rougeard’s top cuvees

A

Saumur Breze
Le Clos
Les Poyeux
Le Bourg
Coteaux de Saumur

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138
Q

Where is Pays Nantais located?

A

The mouth of the Loire in the Atlantic

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139
Q

What is the most important region of Pays Nantais?

A

Muscadet

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140
Q

What is the only permitted grape variety of Muscadet?

A

Melon de Bourgogne

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141
Q

What was the dominant grape of Muscadet before phylloxera and why?

A

Folle Blanche, planted and sued for Brandy production

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142
Q

When did Melon de Bourgogne become the dominant grape of Muscadet?

A

After phylloxera hit

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143
Q

What is the impact of climate change on Muscadet?

A

Melon de Bourgogne is ripening earlier making it more susceptible to Spring frosts, as such yields are less reliable

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144
Q

Name the 7 appellations within Pays Nantais

A

Muscadet
Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire
Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu
Coteaux d’Ancenis
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais
Fiefs Vendeens

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145
Q

How does the permitted yields of generic Muscadet AOC differ to the other 3 Muscadet sub-appellations?

A

Yields for generic Muscadet are 70hl/ha compared to 55hl/ha for the sub-appellations

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146
Q

May generic Muscadet be permitted to sur-lie aging?

A

Only if the yields are less than 55hl/ha

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147
Q

What Muscadet AOC law was changed in 2020 involving grape varieties?

A

Muscadet AOC was permitted to have a maximum of 10% Chardonnay in the blend

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148
Q

When was Muscadet AOC granted appellation status?

A

1937

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149
Q

When was Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine granted AOC status?

A

1936, a number of months before the generic Muscadet AOC

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150
Q

Which 2 tributaries of the Loire is Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine centered around?

A

The Sevre Nantais and Maine tributaries

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151
Q

What percentage of Muscadet AOC is planted to Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

70%

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152
Q

What are the common topsoils found in Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Sand, gravel, and some clay

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153
Q

Name 3 common subsoils found in Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Granite, gneiss, gabbro, schist, orthogneiss

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154
Q

What is the gabbro subsoil found in Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine identical to?

A

Basalt

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155
Q

When were the first Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine Crus permitted, and what are they?

A

2011 with 3 crus:
- Clisson
- Gorges
- Le Pallet

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156
Q

Since the original 3 crus in 2022, how many more crus have been granted to Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

7

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157
Q

What are the 10 crus of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Clisson
Gorges
Le Pallet
Goulaine
Chateau Thebaud
Monnieres-Saint-Fiacre
Mouzillon-Tillieres
Champtoceaux
La Haye Fouassiere
Vallet

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158
Q

What are the dominant subsoils of the Clisson Cru of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Granite

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159
Q

What are the dominant subsoils of the Gorges Cru of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Gabbro

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160
Q

What are the dominant subsoils of the Le Pallet Cru of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Gneiss, orthogneiss, granite

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161
Q

What are the dominant subsoils of the Goulaine Cru of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Schist and gneiss

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162
Q

What are the dominant subsoils of the Chateau Theband Cru of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Granodiorite and gneiss

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163
Q

What are the dominant subsoils of the Monnieres-Saint-Fiacre Cru of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Gneiss

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164
Q

What are the dominant subsoils of the Mouzillon-Tillieres Cru of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Gabbro and clay

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165
Q

What are the dominant subsoils of the Champtoceaux Cru of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Mica schist and gneiss

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166
Q

What are the dominant subsoils of the La Haye Fouassiere Cru of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Orthogneiss

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167
Q

What are the dominant subsoils of the Vallet Cru of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Mica schist and Gabbro

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168
Q

How do the winemaking laws differ for the Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine crus compared to regular Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine?

A

Yields are lower at 45hl/ha and fruit must comes from vines with a minimum 6 years age

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169
Q

What is the difference in minimum lees aging between the Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine crus Goulaine and Le Pallet and the rest of the crus?

A

Goulaine and Le Pallet must stay on lees until the 1st April the second year following the harvest, whereas the rest of the crus must be aged for another 6 months beyond that, until the 1st October the second year following the harvest

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170
Q

When was Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire granted AOC status?

A

1936

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171
Q

Which other appellation does Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire share its area with?

A

Coteaux d’Ancenis

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172
Q

Where is Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire?

A

Northeast of Nantes, mostly on the north of the river with some vineyards on the south, continuing up until the vineyards of Anjou begin

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173
Q

What wines are permitted from Coteaux de la Loire?

A

Only white wine made from Melon de Bourgogne. All other wines are bottled under the Coteaux d’Ancenis appellation

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174
Q

What are the main subsoils of the Coteaux de la Loire?

A

Schist and granite

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175
Q

When was Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu granted appellation status?

A

1994

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176
Q

Where is Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu located?

A

South and just west of Nantes, based around the lake of Grandlieu

177
Q

What wines are permitted as Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu?

A

White wines made from Melon de Bourgogne

178
Q

What are the dominant soils of Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu?

A

Granite with some limestone

179
Q

Where is Coteaux d’Ancenis located?

A

The same area as Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire, Northeast of Nantes, continuing up until the vineyards of Anjou begin

180
Q

What style of wine dominates the Coteaux d’Ancenis appellations?

A

Semi-sweet wines based off Pinot Gris

181
Q

What is the local name for Pinot Gris in Coteaux d’Ancenis?

182
Q

What grapes are permitted for the red and rose wines of Coteaux d’Ancenis?

A

Gamay and Cabernet Franc

183
Q

What is the only permitted grape variety for whites wines coming from Coteaux d’Ancenis?

A

Pinot Gris

184
Q

What are the average residual sugars of late harvest Malvoisie wines from the Coteaux d’Ancenis?

A

20-40g/l residual sugar

185
Q

Where is Gros Plant du Pays Nantais located?

A

West of Ancenis following the river south of Nantes all the way to the coast

186
Q

When was Gros Plant du Pays Nantais upgraded to AOC from VDQS?

187
Q

What is the main grape of Gros Plant du Pays Nantais and what’s its local synonym?

A

Folle Blanche - Gros Plant

188
Q

What wines are permitted from Gros Plant du Pays Nantais?

A

Dry white wines

189
Q

What are the permitted grape varieties of Gros Plant du Pays Nantais?

A

Minimum 70% Folle Blanche (Gros Plant)
Maximum 10% Colombard
Montils

190
Q

What is a common vinification process for Gros Plant du Pays Nantais?

A

Aging sur lie, the same as Muscadet

191
Q

Where is Fiefs Vendeens located?

A

South of Nantes and the Muscadet appellations

192
Q

When was Fiefs Vendeens promoted to VDQS and then AOC?

A

1984 and then 2011

193
Q

What are the soils of Fiefs Vendeens?

A

Red clay, schist, and limestone

194
Q

What are the permitted grapes Fiefs Vendeens?

A

Chenin Blanc
Chardonnay
Grolleu Gris
Pinot Noir
Gamay
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Negrette

195
Q

What are the 5 subzones of Fiefs Vendeens?

A

Brem
Mareuil
Chantonnay
Pissotte
Vix

196
Q

What percentage of Fiefs Vendeens wines are red or rose?

197
Q

Name a top producer from Fiefs Vendeens?

A

Domaine Saint Nicolas
J Mourat

198
Q

What are the 2 dominant grapes of Anjou-Saumur?

A

Chenin Blanc
Cabernet Franc

199
Q

What are the supporting grapes of Anjou-Saumur?

A

Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Grolleau
Pineau d’Aunis

200
Q

What is the climate of Anjou?

A

Oceanic influences due to westerly winds, however it has the lowest rainfall of the Loire and and high cumulative temperatures

201
Q

What are the 2 notable tributaries of the Loire in Anjou for making sweet wines?

A

Layon and Aubance

202
Q

What percentage of Anjou & Saumur based rose wines come from the appellations Cabernet d’Anjou and Rose d’Anjou?

A

Cabernet d’Anjou = 45%
Rose d’Anjou = 17%

203
Q

What grapes are permitted under the Cabernet d’Anjou appellation?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc

204
Q

What is the minimum sweetness of Cabernet d’Anjou wines?

A

10g/l residual sugar

205
Q

What are the permitted maximum yields for Cabernet d’Anjou?

206
Q

What are the permitted maximum yields of Rose d’Anjou?

207
Q

What grape varieties are permitted for Rose d’Anjou?

A

Grolleau
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pineau d’Aunis
Gamay
Cot

208
Q

What is the minimum sweetness level of Rose d’Anjou?

A

7g/l residual sugar

209
Q

What is the difference between Rose d’Anjou and Rose de Loire appellations?

A

Rose de Loire permitted the same varieties as Rose d’Anjou and Cabernet d’Anjou but is always dry with a maximum 3g/l residual sugar and comes from more restricted areas across Anjou-Saumur and Touraine

210
Q

What wines may be produced under the Anjou appellation?

A

Red, white, rose, and sparkling wines

211
Q

Roughly what percentage if generic Anjou AOC is red?

212
Q

What grapes are permitted for Anjou Rouge?

A

Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pineau d’Aunis
Grolleau

213
Q

What are the grapes requirement for Anjou Gamay AOC?

A

100% Gamay

214
Q

What are the grape requirements for Anjou Blanc?

A

Chenin Blanc (minimum 80%)
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc

215
Q

What style of wines may be produced from Anjou Brissac and Anjou-Villages?

A

Still, dry, red wines

216
Q

What are the permitted grape varieties for Anjou Brissac and Anjou Villages?

A

Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon

217
Q

When was Anjou-Villages granted its AOC?

218
Q

What are the maximum yields for Anjou-Villages and Anjou Brissac?

A

Anjou Villages: 55hl/ha
Anjou Brissac: 50hl/ha

219
Q

When was Anjou Brissac granted its AOC?

220
Q

What other appellation coves the same delimited area as Anjou Brissac?

A

Coteaux de l’Aubance

221
Q

Where is Coteaux du Layon located?

A

Along the Layon river, a tributary to the Loire which runs south of the Loire River

222
Q

Where does the Layon River join the Loire?

A

South of Angers

223
Q

How many communes are covered by the Coteaux du Layon AOC

224
Q

What are the required sweetness levels and yields of Coteaux du Layon AOC?

A

34g/l residual sugar
35hl/ha

225
Q

How many hectares are covered by Coteaux du Layon Villages?

226
Q

What are the 6 villages which fall under the Coteaux du Layon Villages AOC?

A

Beaulieu-sur-Layon
Faye-d’Anjou
Rablay-sur-Layon
Rochefort-sur-Loire
Saint-Aubin-de-Luigne
Saint-Lambert-du-Lattay

227
Q

What are the minimum sweetness levels and maximum yields for Coteaux du Layon Villages?

A

51g/l residual sugar
30hl/ha

228
Q

How large is Coteaux du Layon 1er Cru Chaume?

229
Q

Which village does Coteaux du Layon 1er Cru Chaume lie within?

A

Rochefort-sur-Loire

230
Q

What is the minimum required sweetness level for Coteaux du Layon 1er Chaume?

A

80g/l residual sugar

231
Q

Is Chaptalisation permitted within Coteaux du Layon?

A

Yes except for the 1er Cru Chaume

232
Q

What is special about Quarts de Chaume?

A

It is the only Grand Cru appellation in all of the Loire

233
Q

Where is Quarts de Chaume located?

A

The highest point of Coteaux du Layon

234
Q

When was Quarts de Chaume granted its Grand Cru appellation?

235
Q

How large is the Quarts de Chaume appellation?

236
Q

What are the soils of Quarts de Chaume?

A

Clay, schist, and pudding sandstones

237
Q

What are the maximum yields and minimum sweetness levels of Quarts de Chaume?

A

25hl/ha
85g/l residual sugar

238
Q

What is the minimum sweetness level of Quarts de Chaume grapes at harvest?

A

298g/l sugar (equal to 18% alcohol)

239
Q

Where is Bonnezeaux AOC located?

A

Further up the Layon River from Coteaux du Layon

240
Q

What grapes and wine styles are permitted in Bonnezeaux AOC?

A

Chenin Blanc
Still, sweet, white wines

241
Q

How many hectares are within Bonnezeaux AOC?

242
Q

What are the maximum yields and minimum sweetness levels of Bonnezeaux AOC?

A

25hl/ha
51g/l residual sugar

243
Q

May the wines of Bonnezeaux be chaptalised?

244
Q

Where is Coteaux du l’Aubance AOC located?

A

Along the Aubance River, which flors parallel to the Layon and joins the Loire further upstream to the Layon

245
Q

What wines are permitted in Coteaux d’Aubance?

A

Sweet, still, white wines made from Chenin Blanc

246
Q

What are the maximum yields and minimum sweetness levels of Coteaux de l’Aubance AOC?

A

30hl/ha
34g/l residual sugar

247
Q

What wines are permitted from Coteaux du Saumur AOC?

A

Still, white, sweet wines

248
Q

What are the soils of Coteaux du Saumur AOC?

249
Q

What are the maximum yields and minimum sweetness levels of Coteaux du Saumur AOC?

A

35hl/ha
34g/l residual sugar

250
Q

Where is Savennieres AOC located?

A

Just west of Angers

251
Q

How large is Savennieres AOC?

252
Q

What is the only permitted grapes of Savennieres?

A

Chenin Blanc

253
Q

What are the dominant soils of Savennieres?

A

Schist and volcanic rock with patches of sand and clay

254
Q

What percentage of producers within Savennieres work organically?

255
Q

When was Savennieres classed as a UNESCO World Heritage site?

256
Q

Are sweet wines permitted from Savennieres?

A

Yes but quite rare

257
Q

When was Savennieres granted its AOC?

258
Q

What are the 2 sub-appellations of Savennieres?

A

Coulee de Serrant AOC
Savennieres Roche aux Moines AOC

259
Q

What are the permitted yields for the sub appellations of Savennieres?

A

Coulee de Serrant: 30hl/ha
Roche aux Moines: 35hl/ha

260
Q

What are the soils of Savennieres Roche aux Moines?

A

Schist with sand and volcanic rocks

261
Q

When was Savennieres Roche Aux Moines granted AOC status?

262
Q

When were vines thought to first be planted in Savennieres Roche aux Moines and Coulee de Serrant?

A

12th century

263
Q

Who is the sole owner of Coulee de Serrant AOP?

A

Domaine Nicolas Joly

264
Q

How many hectares does Savennieres Roche aux Moines have?

265
Q

How many hectares are in Coulee de Serrant?

266
Q

What are the 3 subsections of Coulee de Serrant?

A

Grand Clos de la Coulee
Clos du Chateau
Les Plantes

267
Q

Where is Saumur located?

A

Southeast of Anjou along the Loire

268
Q

Are all of Saumur’s vineyards north or south of the Loire?

269
Q

What percentage of Saumur production is sparkling wine?

270
Q

What percentage of Saumur wines are red and white?

A

Just under 20% each

271
Q

What are the grape requirements for Saumur Blanc?

A

100% Chenin Blanc

272
Q

What are the grape requirements for Saumur red?

A

Minimum 70% Cabernet Franc with Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d’Aunis permitted to be blended

273
Q

What is another name for Saumur Mousseaux?

A

Fines Bulles

274
Q

What are the aging requirement for Saumur Mousseaux?

A

Traditional method sparkling with minimum 9 months on lees

275
Q

What are the grape requirements for white and red Saumur Sparkling?

A

Minimum 60% Chenin Blanc for whites
Minimum 60% Cabernet Franc for rose

276
Q

What grape varieties are permitted for Sparkling Saumur?

A

Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc

Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pineau d’Aunis
Gamay
Grolleau Gris
Grolleau Noir
Pinot Noir

277
Q

What are the soils of Saumur?

A

Chalky limestone

278
Q

Where may Cremant de Loire be produced from?

A

An extended area across Anjou-Saumur and Touraine

279
Q

What grapes are permitted for Cremant de Loire?

A

White:
Chardonnay
Chenin Blanc
Orbois

Red:
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Grolleu Noir
Grolleu Gris
Pineau d’Aunis
Pinot Noir

280
Q

What are the minimum aging requirements of Cremant de Loire?

A

Minimum 9 months on lees

281
Q

When was Saumur Puy-Notre-Dame granted AOC status?

282
Q

What wines are permitted for Saumur Puy-Notre-Dame AOC?

A

Still, dry red wines

283
Q

What are the permitted grape varieties of Saumur Puy-Notre-Dame?

A

Minimum 85% Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon

284
Q

What is the minimum potential alcohol and maximum yields of Saumur Puy-Notre-Dame?

A

12% minimum potential alcohol
Maximum yields 50hl/ha

285
Q

How many hectares are under Saumur-Champigny AOC?

286
Q

What are the soils of Saumur Champigny?

A

Clay and tuffeau limestone

287
Q

What grape varieties are permitted in Saumur-Champigny?

A

Minimum 85% Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon

288
Q

Where is Haut-Poitou located?

A

South of Chinon and the Loire Valley

289
Q

When was Haut-Poitou granted appellation status?

290
Q

What grape varieties are permitted in Haut Poitou?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Sauvignon Gris
Cabernet Franc
Pinot Noir Gamay

291
Q

What are the grape requirements for Haut Poitou whites?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Maximum 40% Sauvignon Gris

292
Q

What are the grape requirements of Haut-Poitou red?

A

Minimum 60% Cabernet Franc, Pinot Noir, and Gamay

293
Q

Which 2 rivers are most important in Touraine AOC?

A

Loire and Cher Rivers

294
Q

How many villages lie within Touraine AOC?

295
Q

What is the dominant white grape of Touraine AOC?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

296
Q

What is the dominant red grape of Touraine AOC?

A

Cabernet Franc

297
Q

What are the 5 designations within Touraine AOC which can suffix their name to Touraine?

A

Oisly
Chenonceaux
Amboise
Azay-le-Rideau
Mesland

298
Q

What percentage of Touraine’s designations account for total production?

299
Q

What are the soils of Touraine Oisly and what is the permitted grape?

A

Sand and clay
Sauvignon Blanc

300
Q

What are the permitted grapes of Touraine Chenonceaux?

A

Whites: Sauvignon Blanc
Reds: Cot and Cabernet Franc

301
Q

What are the main grapes and soils of Touraine Mesland, Touraine Azay-le-Rideau, and Touraine Amboise?

A

Sauvignon Blanc, Chenin Blanc, and Chardonnay
Gamay and Cabernet Franc
Soils are flinty sands

302
Q

Where is Saint Nicolas de Bourgeuil located?

A

In Touraine on the north bank of the Loire river

303
Q

Where is Bourgeuil located?

A

In Touraine on the north bank of the Loire

304
Q

Which grape dominates the red wines of Saint Nicolas de Bourgeuil and Bourgeuil?

A

Cabernet Franc

305
Q

What are the superior soils of Saint Nicolas de Bourgeuil and Bourgeuil?

A

Tuffeau-clay

306
Q

What are the soils at the bottom of the hills in Saint Nicolas de Bourgeuil and Bourgeuil and what is the impact on the wines?

A

Sandy-gravel (alluvial) soils producing lighter style wines

307
Q

What is the maximum yield for Saint Nicolas de Bourgeuil and Bourgeuil?

308
Q

Other than Tuffeau-clay and sandy-gravel, what is the third soils of Saint Nicolas de Bourgeuil and Bourgeuil?

A

Chalky-clay

309
Q

What is the major climactic worry for Saint Nicolas de Bourgeuil and Bourgeuil?

310
Q

Where is Chinon located?

A

In Touraine south of the Loire River

311
Q

What are the grape requirements of Chinon?

A

Minimum 90% Cabernet Franc
Maximum 10% Cabernet Sauvignon

312
Q

What is the only permitted grape variety for Chinon white wines?

A

Chenin Blanc

313
Q

What percentage of Chinon wines are white?

314
Q

When did Chinon receive its AOC?

315
Q

What Loire tributary runs through the heart of Chinon?

A

Vienne River

316
Q

What are the 3 main soil types of Chinon and where in Chinon are they found?

A

Alluvial terraces (on lower ground near the river)
Tuffeau with clay (on the hillsides)
Sand, clay and flint (top of the hills)

317
Q

What is the maximum yield for Chinon?

318
Q

Where is Vouvray located?

A

The outskirts of Tours north of the Loire River

319
Q

When was Vouvray given its AOc?

320
Q

What are the permitted grapes of Vouvray?

A

Chenin Blanc
Maximum 5% Orbois

321
Q

What is the dominant soil of Vouvray?

A

Tuffeau limestone with a clay-flint topsoils

322
Q

What is the local name for the clay-flint topsoil in Vouvray?

323
Q

Where are the best wines of Vouvray produced?

A

On the premier cotes (hillsides)

324
Q

Who is the best known producer in Vouvray?

A

Domaine Huet

325
Q

What styles of wine are permitted in Vouvray?

A

Still, sweet, and sparkling

326
Q

What percentage of Vouvray’s production is sparkling?

327
Q

What are the permitted residual sugar levels within Vouvray?

A

Sec: Less than 8g/l
Demi-Sec: 9-18g/l
Moelleux: 18-45g/l
Doux: More than 45g/l

328
Q

Where is Montlouis sur Loire located?

A

In Touraine on the south side of the Loire River, opposite Vouvray

329
Q

Which Loire tributary runs to the south of Montlouis-sur-Loire?

A

Cher River

330
Q

What wines are permitted from Montlouis-sur-Loire?

A

Same as Vouvray:
Still, sweet, and sparkling white wines

331
Q

What is Vin Mousseaux a Fermentation Unique from Montlouis-sur-Loire?

A

A sparkling wine which goes through just 1 fermentation and must spend a minimum 9 months on lees

332
Q

What are the main soils of Montlouis-sur-Loire?

A

Clay and flint over yellow limestone

333
Q

Where is Cheverny AOC located?

A

East of Montlouis-sur-Loire up the Loire River

334
Q

When was Cheverny granted AOC status?

335
Q

What are the permitted white grape varieties of Cheverny?

A

Sauvignon Blanc with a maximum 15% of:
- Chardonnay
- Chenin Blanc
- Orbois

336
Q

What are the permitted red grape varieties of Cheverny?

A

45-60% Gamay
Cabernet Franc
Pinot Noir
Cot

337
Q

What are the soils of Cheverny?

338
Q

Where is Cour-Cheverny located?

A

The same area as Cheverny with vineyards just north of the town

339
Q

What is the only permitted grape of Cour-Cheverny?

A

Romorantin

340
Q

What are the soils of Cour-Cheverny?

A

Alluvial soils of sand or gravel

341
Q

Where is Valencay located?

A

Extreme southeast corner of Touraine

342
Q

When was Valencay given AOC status?

343
Q

What are the permitted white grapes of Valencay?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Sauvignon Gris
Chardonnay
Orbois

344
Q

What are the permitted red grapes of Valencay?

A

Cot
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pinot Noir
Gamay

345
Q

Where is Jasnieres located?

A

North of Tours on the Loir tributary

346
Q

What is the only permitted grape of Jasnieres?

A

Chenin Blanc

347
Q

Where is Coteaux du Vendomois located?

A

North of Tours along the Loir tributary

348
Q

What are the permitted white grapes of Coteaux du Vendomois?

A

Chenin Blanc
Maximum 20% Chardonnay

349
Q

What are the permitted red grapes of Coteaux du Vendomois?

A

Pineau d’Aunis (dominant variety)
Cabernet Franc
Pinot Noir
Gamay

350
Q

What is the only permitted grape variety for Coteaux du Vendomois’ vin gris wines?

A

Pineau d’Aunis

351
Q

Where is Coteaux du Loir located?

A

North of Tours along the Loir tributary

352
Q

What is the permitted white grape for Coteaux du Loir?

A

Chenin Blanc

353
Q

What are the permitted red grapes for red and rose wines from Coteaux du Loir?

A

Gamay
Pineau d’Aunis
Cot
Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Franc

Grolleau may make 25% of a rose blend

354
Q

What are the soils of Coteaux du Loir?

355
Q

When were vines likely first planted in Sancerre?

A

2nd century

356
Q

When was Sauvignon Blanc first recorded being grown in Sancerre?

357
Q

What other grape was grown in Sancerre before its AOC for only Sauvignon Blanc?

358
Q

When was Sancerre granted its AOC?

359
Q

When were red and rose wines permitted in Sancerre AOC?

360
Q

What grape variety is permitted for the red and rose wines of Sancerre?

A

Pinot Noir

361
Q

What are the 3 main soil types of Sancerre?

A

Terres Blanches
Caillottes
Silex

362
Q

What are the Terres Blanches soils found in Sancerre?

A

Kimmeridgian marls with clay and limestone with clay topsoil
Wines are often complex and fuller bodied

363
Q

What are the Caillottes soils found in Sancerre?

A

Also known as griottes
Limestone pebbles of differing soils
Wines are often open and fruity

364
Q

What are the Silex soils found in Sancerre?

A

Rich in flint over limestone
Wines are often powerful and firm

365
Q

What percentage of Sancerre production is white?

366
Q

Name a famous single vineyard from Sancerre

A

Les Monts Damnes
Clos de Beaujeu
Chene Marchand
Grande Côte
Les Caillottes

367
Q

Where is Pouilly-Fumé located?

A

The midpoint of the Loire River opposite Sancerre

368
Q

What is the only permitted white grape of Pouilly Fume?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

369
Q

When was Pouilly-Fumé granted its AOC?

370
Q

What grapes dominated Pouilly Fume before phylloxera?

A

Chasselas
Pinot Noir
Gamay

371
Q

How many villages are there within Pouilly-Fumé?

372
Q

What is the highest altitude village within Pouilly-Fume?

A

Saint Andelain

373
Q

Which famous producer makes wines in the Saint Andelain village of Pouilly-Fumé?

A

Didier Dagueneau

374
Q

Describe a typical Pouilly Fume wine

A

Dry with gooseberry, peach, elderflower, and a distinctive flinty note

375
Q

What are the soils of Pouilly Fume?

A

The same as Sancerre
Most importantly Silex, along with limestone, clay, and marlstone

376
Q

What are the soils types in the south of Pouilly Fume around Pouilly-sur-Loire?

A

Kimmeridgian clay and limestone

377
Q

What are the soils in the north and northeast of Pouilly Fume?

A

Caillottes

378
Q

What is the minimum potential alcohol of Pouilly Fume?

379
Q

Where is Pouilly-sur-Loire located?

A

Directly south of Pouilly Fume

380
Q

What is the only permitted grape of Pouilly-sur-Loire?

381
Q

What is the minimum potential alcohol of Pouilly-sur-Loire?

382
Q

Where is Menetou-Salon located?

A

A continuation of Sancerre to the southwest

383
Q

What are the soils of Menetou-Salon?

A

Portlandian and Kimmeridgian limestone

384
Q

What are the permitted grapes of Menetou-Salon?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir

385
Q

What is the famous village within Menetou-Salon?

386
Q

Where is Quincy located?

A

Southwest of Menetou-Salon & Sancerre

387
Q

What is the permitted variety of Quincy?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

388
Q

Which Loire tributary is Quincy based around?

A

Cher River

389
Q

What are the soils of Quincy?

A

Sand based soils with gravel, clay, and silt

390
Q

Where is Reuilly located?

A

Southwest of Quincy and Sancerre

391
Q

What are the permitted grapes varieties of Reuilly?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir
Pinot Gris (for rose only)

392
Q

When was Reuilly granted its AOC for white, reds, and roses?

A

Whites in 1937
Reds and roses in 1961

393
Q

What style of rose is produced in Reuilly?

394
Q

What is the river which flows through Reuilly?

A

Cher River

395
Q

What are the soils of Reuilly?

A

Sand and gravel

396
Q

Where is Coteaux du Giennois located?

A

Downstream from Sancerre, halfway between Sancerre and Orleans

397
Q

When was Coteaux du Giennois granted AOC status?

398
Q

What are the soils of Coteaux du Giennois?

A

Flint and limestone soils

399
Q

What are the permitted grape varieties of Coteaux du Giennois?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir
Gamay

400
Q

What is the IGP east of Coteaux du Giennois?

A

Coteaux de Tannay

401
Q

Where is Orleans located?

A

Downstream from Sancerre and Coteaux du Giennois

402
Q

What are the permitted grapes varieties of Orleans?

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Gris

Pinot Meunier
Pinot Noir
Cabernet Franc

403
Q

When was Orleans granted AOC status?

404
Q

What are the dominant soils of Orleans?

A

Sandy-gravel soils

405
Q

Where is Orleans-Clery located?

A

Southwest of Orleans

406
Q

What are the permitted grapes dominated varieties varieties of Orleans-Clery?

A

Cabernet Franc

407
Q

What is the dominant soil of Orleans-Clery?

408
Q

What are the 5 appellations which make up the Central France Loire regions in the Massif Central near the source of the Loire?

A

Saint Pourcain
Cotes d’Auvergne
Cotes du Forez
Côte Roannaise
Chateaumeillant

409
Q

What are the 2 IGPs around the Upper Loire regions?

A

IGP d’Urfe
IGP Puy de Dome

410
Q

When was Saint Pourcain granted its AOC?

411
Q

What are the soils of Saint Pourcain?

A

Sandy with some granite and clay-limestone

412
Q

What are the permitted grapes of Saint Pourcain?

A

Chardonnay
Tressalier

Pinot Noir
Gamay

413
Q

What is the local name for Tressalier in Saint-Pourcain?

414
Q

How is Saint-Pourcain 100% Tressalier released as?

A

Vin de France

415
Q

Where is Cotes d’Auvergne located?

A

South of Saint Pourcain in the Upper Loire

416
Q

When was Cotes d’Auvergne granted its AOC?

417
Q

What are the soils of Cotes d’Auvergne?

418
Q

What is the mountain that Cotes d’Auvergne sits upon?

A

Puy Mountain

419
Q

What are the 5 crus of Cotes d’Auvergne?

A

Corent
Boudes
Madargue
Chanturgue
Chateaugay

420
Q

What are the permitted varieties of Cotes d’Auvergne?

A

Gamay
Pinot Noir

Chardonnay

421
Q

Which Cotes d’Auvergne cru is only permitted to make rose wines?

422
Q

Where is Cotes de Forez located?

A

East of Cotes d’Auvergne in the Upper Loire

423
Q

When did Cotes de Forez receive its AOC?

424
Q

What is the only permitted grape of Cotes du Forez?

425
Q

How do many producers in Cotes de Forez label non-Gamay wines?

A

IGP d’Urfe

426
Q

What is Gamaret?

A

A Swiss grape from a cross of Gamay and Reichensteiner

427
Q

Where is Côte Roannaise located?

A

North of Cotes du Forez in the Upper Loire

428
Q

Which mountain is Côte Roannaise at the foot of?

A

Madeleine Mountains

429
Q

What altitude is Côte Roannaise?

430
Q

When was Côte Roannaise granted its AOC?

431
Q

What is the only permitted grape of Côte Roannaise?

432
Q

What may non-Gamay wines be released as if made within the Côte Roannaise boundary?

A

IGP d’Urfe

433
Q

What is the preferred Gamay clone within Côte Roannaise?

A

Gamay Saint-Romain

434
Q

Where is Chataumeillant located?

A

South of Bourges (Southwest of Sancerre)

435
Q

When was Chateaumeillant granted its AOC?

436
Q

What are the permitted grape varieties of Chateaumeillant?

A

Pinot Noit
Gamay

Pinot Gris (for rose only)

437
Q

What style of rose is produced from Chateaumeillant?

438
Q

What are the soils of Chateaumeillant?

A

Sandy and clay over sandstone, gneiss, and schist

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