Logic Test 5

Question 1

Counterexample

Answer 1

Is a syllogism of the same form, but with obviously true premises and an obviously false conclusion

Question 2

T/F: The validity of syllogisms depends solely on their form. Certain forms are always valid; other forms are always invalid.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Distributed Term

Answer 3

A term that, within a statement, refers to all members of its category.

Question 4

T/F: Counterexamples can only show a syllogism to be invalid – they cannot show a syllogism to be valid.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

T/F:

The subjects of universal statements and the predicates of negative statements are always distributed.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

T/F:

To establish the validity of a syllogism beyond doubt, test it with the five rules of validity.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

The Five Validity Rules:

Answer 7

a) In at least one premise, the middle term must be distributed.
b) If a term is distributed in the conclusion, it must also be distributed in its premise.
c) A valid syllogism cannot have two negative premises.
d) A valid syllogism cannot have a negative premise and an affirmative conclusion.
e) A valid syllogism cannot have two affirmative premises and a negative conclusion.

Question 8

S, P, and M

Answer 8

S = Minor Term
P = Major Term
M = Middle Term