Logic Test 1

Question 1

Logic

Answer 1

The science and art of reasoning well.

Question 2

Law of Excluded Middle

Answer 2

Any statement is true or false.

Question 3

Law of Identity

Answer 3

If a statement is true, then it is true.

Question 4

Law of Noncontradiction

Answer 4

A statement cannot be true and false at the same time.

Question 5

Formal Logic

Answer 5

The proper modes of reasoning.

Question 6

Informal Logic

Answer 6

Operations of thinking that are indirectly related to reasoning.

Question 7

Induction

Answer 7

Reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rules.

Question 8

Deduction

Answer 8

Reasoning with certainty from premises to conclusions.

Question 9

Term

Answer 9

A concept that is expressed precisely in words.

Question 10

Definition

Answer 10

A statement that gives the full meaning of the term.

Question 11

Ambiguous

Answer 11

A word that has more than one definition.

Question 12

Vague

Answer 12

Something that’s extent is unclear.

Question 13

Definitions…

Answer 13

• show relationships
• remove ambiguity
• reduce vagueness
• increase vocabulary
• explain concepts -theoretically
• influence attitudes

Question 14

Five types of definitions:

Answer 14

• Lexical
• Precising
• Stipulative
• Theoretical
• Persuasive

Question 15

Genus Term

Answer 15

A term that is broader and includes an original term.

Question 16

Species term

Answer 16

A term that is more specific than an original term.

Question 17

Extension

Answer 17

The extension of a term is the sum of all the individual objects described by it.

Question 18

Intension

Answer 18

The intension of a term is the sum of all the common attributes denoted by the term.

Question 19

Extension increases…

Answer 19

Intension decreases and vice versa

Question 20

3 ways to define a term

Answer 20

synonym, example, and genus and difference

Question 21

6 rules for defining…

Answer 21

A definition should 1) state the essential attributes of the term 2) not be circular 3) not be too broad or narrow 4) not be unclear or figurative 5) be stated positively if possible 6)be the same part of speech as the term.