Logic Machines Flashcards
What type of input and output state do logic machines have?
binary input and output states: 0 and 1
What is the relationship between input and output in an AND gate?
both inputs must be a 1 for the output to be 1. if either input is 0, the output will be 0.
What is the boolean function for an AND gate, if x and y are inputs and z is the output?
z = x * y
What is the relationship between input and output in an OR gate?
only one input must be a 1 for the output to be 1. the output can only be 0 if both inputs are 0.
What is the boolean function for an OR gate, if x and y are inputs and z is the output?
z = x + y
What is the relationship between input and output in a NOT gate?
the output is always the opposite state of the input
What is the boolean function for a NOT gate, if x is the input and y is the output?
the opposite of x can be written as x’ or x̅, the boolean function would be y = x’, or y = x̅
What are the two big examples of combined machines (gates)?
the NAND gate and the NOR gate
What is the NAND gate?
an AND gate with an inverter (NOT gate) on the output
What is the boolean function for a NAND gate, if x and y are the inputs and z is the output?
x̅ * y̅
What is the NOR gate?
an OR gate with an inverter (NOT gate) on the output
What is the boolean function for a NOR gate, if x and y are the inputs and z is the output?
x̅ + y̅
What is the relationship between input and output in the Exclusive-OR gate?
the output value is 1 if and only if exactly one input is 1. if both inputs are 1 or both outputs are 0, then the output is 0.
What is the Exclusive-NOR gate?
an Exclusive-OR gate with an inverter (NOT gate) on the output
What is the Fredkin Gate?
A gate that takes in 3 outputs, A, B, and C, and produces 3 outputs X, Y, and Z.