Logemann Chapter Two

Question 1

Name the structures in the oral cavity.

Answer 1

• lips
• teeth
• hard palate/maxilla
• soft palate
• uvula
• mandible
• floor of the mouth
• tongue
• anterior faucial pillars
• palatine tonsils

Question 2

Why are pockets created by oral structure important in swallowing?

Answer 2

The pockets or natural cavities can collect food and liquid that may remain there after the swallow.

Question 3

Sulcus

Answer 3

The space or natural cavity formed between the dental alveoli and cheek or lip musculature

Question 4

Sulci are found anteriorly and laterally between these structures:

Answer 4

• Lips and maxilla
• Lips and mandible
• Cheek and maxilla
• Cheek and mandible

Question 5

What are the four extrinsic muscles of the tongue? What are their primary function?

Answer 5

• genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus
• Their primary function is to change the position of the tongue to allow for retraction, protrusion, and side to side movement

Question 6

What are the four paired intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
What is their function?

Answer 6

• inferior longitudinal, superior longitudinal, vertical, transverse
• they are names by the direction that they course
• these muscles affect the size and shape of the tongue, and have a role in facilitating mastication and swallowing

Question 7

How is the tongue divided for swallowing?

Answer 7

• oral portion
• pharyngeal portion

Question 8

Oral portion of the tongue

Answer 8

• includes the tip, blade, and dorsum (body)
• ends at the circumvallate papillae
• active during speech and the oral stages of swallow

Question 9

Pharyngeal portion of the tongue

Answer 9

• extends from the circumvallate papillae (or approximately the tip of the uvula) to the hyoid bone.
• also called the tongue base
• active during the pharyngeal stage of swallow
• under involuntary neural control coordinated in the brainstem, but can be placed under some voluntary control

Question 10

Hyoid Bone

Answer 10

• forms the foundation for the tongue, the body of which sits on the hyoid
• suspended in soft tissue by the floor of the mouth muscles and by the stylohyoid and the posterior belly of the digastric muscle, both of which are attached posterolaterally from the region of the temporal lobe

Question 11

Musculature forming the floor of the mouth

Answer 11

• the suprahyoid muscles (mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and the anterior belly of the digastric)
• attach to the body of the mandible anteriorly and to the body of the hyoid bone posteriorly

Question 12

Roof of the mouth

Answer 12

• formed by the maxilla (hard palate), velum (soft palate), and uvula

Question 13

Salivary Glands

Answer 13

• three large glands on each side; parotid glands, submandibular glands, sublingual glands
• small gland found in mucous membranes of the tongue, lips, cheek, and roof of mouth
• produce two kinds of fluid; watery thin and mucousy thick
• parotid gland only produces thin
• maintain oral moisture, reduce tooth decay, assist in digestion, neutralizes stomach acid that may reflux into the esophagus

Question 14

Pharyngeal structures involved in deglutition

Answer 14

superior, medial, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors

Question 15

Pyriform Sinuses

Answer 15

• spaces between pharyngeal muscle fibers and the thyroid cartilage on each side (? correct later)