Loftus and Palmer

Question 1

What was the aim of loftus and palmers study

Answer 1

To investigate the affects of leading questions on a persons memory.

Question 2

What is a leading question

Answer 2

A leading question is a question by its form or content, implies the answer that should be given.

Question 3

How many experiments did loftus and palmer conducted.

Answer 3

2

Question 4

What was the method and design of the first study

Answer 4

It was a laboratory experiment and the experiment design used was independent measures.

Question 5

What was the number of participants in the first study and the second study.

Answer 5

the first study had 45 students in 5 conditions with 9 students in each condition

and the second study had 150 ppts divided into 3 groups with 50 ppts in each group.

Question 6

What is a critical question

Question 7

what was the procedure for the first experiment.

Answer 7

• All the ppts were shown the 7 film clips and where given a questionnaire to complete after each clip.
• There were 2 parts to each clip, firstly it asked the ppts to give an account of the accident and the second to answer a set of questions surrounding the accident and one of these questions was about the speed of the vehicles at the time of the accident.
• To combat order affects the groups were presented the films in a different order and the entire experiment lasted about an hour and a half.
• The IV was the wording of the question and the DV was the speed estimated
• Each ppt received one critical question containing the different verbs that could affect their memory.

Question 8

What was the apparatus used in the experiment

Answer 8

Sets of questionnaires for each film
Equipment to screen 7 film segments
with each of the films containing staged crashes.

Question 9

What was the IV and DV of experiment 1?

Answer 9

The IV was the wording of the critical question hidden in a questionnaire -“ how fast were the cars going when they hit/smashed/collided/contacted/bumped into each other?
and the DV was the estimated speed given by the PPTS

Question 10

What was the IV and DV of experiment 2?

Answer 10

The IV was the Wording of a question in a questionnaire as one group was asked how fast how fast the cars where going when they smashed into each other and the other group was asked how fast when they hit each other. And a third group wasnt asked about speed.

One week later the ppts were asked to complete a questionnaire that contained the question “did you see any broken glass and the DV was if the answer was yes or no

Question 11

What was the procedure of experiment 2?

Answer 11

All of the ppts were shown a one minute film that contained a 4 second car crash.
They where then given a questionnaire that asked them about the accident
There was a critical question about speed
Group one was asked if they smashed into eachother
Group 2 was asked if they hit eachother
group 3 was not asked about speed
one week later they were asked if they saw any broken glass yes or no

Question 12

What were the findings of experiment 1?

Answer 12

Speed estimates given by PPTs

Smashed - 40.5
Collided - 39.3
Bumped - 38.1
Hit - 34
Contacted - 31. 8

Question 13

What where the findings of the 2nd experiment

Answer 13

Speed estimates for the verbs used in the question about speed.
Response 'YES':
Smashed - 16
Hit - 7
Control - 6

Response 'NO':
Smashed - 34
Hit - 43
Control - 44
Majority claimed that hadn't seen broken glass.