localisation of function in the brain Flashcards
define localisation
the theory that different areas of the brain are responsible for different behaviours, processes, activities
define holistic
all parts of the brain are involved in the processing of thoughts and actions
when was holistic theory first founded
19th century
define localisation (cortical specialisation)
different parts of the brain perform different tasks and involved in different parts of the body
if an area of the brain becomes damaged through illness and injury the function associated with that area becomes affected
what hemisphere controls activity on the right side of the body
the left hemisphere controls the right side of the body
what hemisphere controls activity on the left side of the body
the right hemisphere controls the left side of the body
define lateralisation
some functions are controlled or dominated by a particular hemisphere
what is the thickness of the cerebral cortex
3mm thick
what is the purpose of the cerebral cortex
higher level processing
(problem solving, learning)
why is the cerebral cortex grey
due to the location of cell bodies
human cortex’s are more developed than animals
what lobe is the motor area located in
frontal lobe
what function of the motor area
voluntary moments in opposites side of the body
what does damage to the motor area cause
loss of control of fine movements
what area is located in the left frontal lobe
Brocas area
what is the function of Broca’s area
speech production
what does damage to Broca’s area cause
Broca’s aphasia
(speech is slow, laborious, lacks fluency)
give 3 characteristics of Broca’s aphasia
speech is slow
laborious
lacks fluency
what lobe is the auditory area located in
temporal lobe
what is the function of the auditory area
analyse speech
what does damage to the auditory area cause
hearing loss/ inability top comprehend language
what lobe is the somatosensory area located in
parietal lobe
what is the function of the somatosensory area
Sensory information from the skin is represented.
Amount of the area devoted
to a body part denotes its sensitivity
what lobe is the visual area located in
occipital lobe
what is the function of the visual area
each eye sends information from right visual field to left visual cortex
what does damage to the visual area cause
blindness
in opposite visual field
where is Wernickle’s area located
left temporal lobe
what is the function of Wernickle’s area
language comprehension
what does damage to Wernickle’s area cause
Wernickle’s aphasia
(produces neologisms
(nonsense words as part of speech ,fluent but meaningless)
give 2 characteristics of Wernickle’s aphasia
- produces neologisms
(nonsense words as part of speech) - fluent but meaningless
explain the case study of Phineas Cage
1848
25 year old Phineas Gage used explosives on a rock causing a role go go through his left cheek from his eye and exiting his skull through the top of his head taking most of his left frontal lobe
gage survived but his personality was changed he became rude and quick tempered
