Localisation of function and plasticity Flashcards
What lobe is the motor area in
The frontal lobe
What lobe is the somatosensory area in
The parietal lobe
What lobe is the visual area in
The occipital lobe
What lobe is the auditory area in
The temporal lobe
What lobe is the wernickes area in
The temporal lobe
What lobe is the Broca’s area in
The frontal lobe
What areas were damaged for Phineas Gage and how did he change (P) 🟩 + 🟥
Frontal lobe
Before Gage was considered calm and collected but became quick tempered and rude
How did Broca find the Broca’s area (P) 🟩
Broca looked at a case study (Tan) who could only find tan, post mortum Broca found Legions in Tans frontal lobe, that area was named Broca’s area
Where did tulving find Episodic and semantic memories to be located (P)
🟩 + 🟥
Tulving used a sample of 11 participants (including himself and his wife) and concluded:
Semantic: Posterior cortex
Episodic: Anterior cortex
Define brain plasticity
The brain is plastic in the sense that I can change throughout our lives to fit our needs
What is synaptic pruning
Synaptic pruning is the brain deleting or strengthening neural pathways depending on how often we use them
How can plasticity be bad for us? (P) 🟥
The brain adapting to repeated drug use leads to poor cognitive functioning and increased risk of dementia
What research did maguire do into Plasticity? (P) 🟩
Maguire studied the brains of london taxi drivers after doing a test called “the knowledge” and found increased grey matter in the posterior hippocampus which is associated with navigational skills
How did Bezzola demonstrate that plasticity doesn’t always decline sharply with age? (P) 🟩
Bezzola made participants aged 40 to 60 do 40 hours of golf training, using fMRI scans bezzola found increased activity in the motor cortex
What are the three ways that the brain recovers
Axonal sprouting: growth of new nerve ending to connect with undamaged nerve cells to for neural pathways
Reformation of blood vessels
Recruitment of homologous areas: areas in the brain that are similar can take on the role of the lost area
