localisation of function

Question 1

what is the structure/ function of the hemispheres and cereal cortex?

Answer 1

• left hemisphere controls right side of body and vice versa

- the outer layer is the cereal cortex which is thicker in humans

Question 2

what is the localisation vs holistic debate?

Answer 2

• early research suggested that brain function is holistic so all the brain is used for processes
• people like Broca found certain parts do certain functions as, when its damaged, the function is also affected

Question 3

what is the motor area of the brain?

Answer 3

• back of frontal lobe

- controls voluntary movement in opposite side of body

Question 4

what is the somatory area?

Answer 4

front of parietal lobes

- sensory info from the skin is processed

Question 5

what is the visual area?

Answer 5

• Occipital Lobe At Back Of Brain
• eye sends info from RVF to LVC and vice versa
• damage to hemisphere can result in damage to visual field

Question 6

what is the auditory area?

Answer 6

• in temporal lobes
• analyses speech base info
• damage can cause partial hearing loss

Question 7

what is Broca’s area (1880’s)?

Answer 7

• frontal lobe of hemisphere
• responsible for speech production
• damage cause Broca’s aphasia which is slow speech lacking fluency

Question 8

what is wernicke’s area (1880’s?

Answer 8

• temporal lobe of left hemisphere
• eesponsibek for language comprehension
• Wernicke’s aphasia is where language is understood but produce nonsense words

Question 9

+ case study - Gage

Answer 9

• Gage (1848) damaged his frontal cortex with a pole
• changed from calm and revered to angry and rude
• support localisation as frontal cortex associated with planning and reasoning

Question 10

what are some limitations of the 1848 Gage study?

Answer 10

• developed infection from injury which could have caused damage/ change
• scarring could have left him feeling insecure and resentful
• long time ago so no previous evidence or control of variables

Question 11

+ brain scan research

Answer 11

• Peterson (88) brain scans found Wernicke’s area was active in reading tasks
• Tuling (94) found semantic and episodic memory in different areas of prefrontal cortex

Question 12

• contradictory evidence of brain holism

Answer 12

• Lashley (50) removed unto 50% of rats cortex when they were learning mazes
• found no specific area used (all used)
• suggests learning is holistic and too complex to be localised