localisation of function Flashcards
what are the 4 lobes within the brain
temporal
parietal
frontal
occipital
what does the cerebrum consist of
left and right hemisphere including the frontal lobe, parietal lobe and occipital lobe
what does the frontal lobe take care of
speech
thought
learning
what does the temporal lobe take care of
hearing and memory
what does the parietal lobe take care of
processing sensory information
what does the occipital lobe take care of
visual processing
what does the diencephalon contain
the thalamus and hypothalamus
what does the thalamus and hypothalamus do
relay nerve impulses from the body to the brain
what is the cerebellum involved in
the control of balance and co-ordination
what does the brain stem regulate
regulates autonomic function (breathing)
information is passed through here connecting brain and spinal cord
where is the motor cortex located in the brain
the frontal lobe
what does the motor cortex control
its responsible for the control of voluntary motor movements
true or false do both hemispheres have a motor cortex
TRUE
as one side of the brain controls the opposite side of the body
what would damage of the motor cortex lead to
impaired movement ability
where is the somatosensory cortex located
parietal lobe
what is the somatosensory cortex responsible for
the detection of sensory events arising in different parts of the body
TRUE or FALSE do both hemispheres have a somatosensory cortex
TRUE
as one side of the brain controls the opposite part of the body
what would damage of the somatosensory cortex lead to
impaired sense percception
where is brocas lobe located
in the left hemispheres frontal lobe
TRUE or FALSE is there a brocas area in both hemispheres
FALSE
only the left
what is brocas area responsible for
processing language and production of language
what would damage to brocas area lead to
difficulties in producing speech
who discovered brocas area
paul broca due to his research into his patient tan
what did Broca’s research into tan allow him to conclude
-tan could only produce the sound ‘tan’ but could understand language when spoken to him, brocas studied patients with similiar damage in the right hemisphere and noticed they didnt have the same difficulty
this le dhim to believe it was the language centre of the brain and only in the left hemisphere
where is wernickes area located
the left temporal lobe
TRUE OR FALSEis wernickes area found in both sides of the hemisphere
FALSE
its found in the left temporal lobe only
what is Wernicke’s area responsible for
the sensory input of language
what would damage of wernickes area lead to
failure to understand language
where is the visual centre located
within the occipital lobe
TRUE OR FALSE is the visual centre found on both sides of the hemispheres
yes
what is the visual centre responsible for
the opposite visual fields visual cortex collects information about the color, shape, movement
where is the auditory centres located
within the temporal lobes
damage to the visual centre leads to
damaged visual perception
TRUE or FALSE is there temporal lobes on both hemispheres
true
as the alternative side of the brain processes info for the opposite ear
where is the auditory cortex found
temporal lobe in both hemispheres
what is the auditory cortex is concerned with
hearing
does the auditory cortex have contralateral function
YES
the alternative side of the brain processes the information for the opposite ear
how does information travel to the auditory cortex
the sound is slowly decoded through different stages on its path to the auditory cortex for
duration, intensity and pitch of the sound at the brainstem and thalamus
before completing its journey to the auditory cortex
what is a strength of localisation of function
P: There is support from case studies
E: unique cases of neurological damage support the localisation theory such as nicolas cage
E: cage survived a pole going through his brain resulting in his personality being affected to become angry quickly
L: The change in Gages temperament following the accident suggests frontal lobe is responsible for regulating mood
what is a weakness of localisation of function
P - one weakness of LOF is through Lashley equipotentiality theory
E - this suggests that the basic motor sensory functions are localised but higher mental functions are not. Whilst also claiming intact areas of the cortex could take over responsibility for specific cognitive functions following brain injury.
E - this is a weakness as it suggests functions are not localised too just one region
L - therefore the research shows that LOF lacks validity as other regions can take over specific functions following a brain injury
