Localisation of Function

Question 1

Localisation of function

Answer 1

the idea that certain functions have certain locations within the brain.

Question 2

MOTOR CORTEX

Answer 2

controls voluntary movements in the back of the frontal lobe
•the motor cortex in the left controls movement in the right hand side of the body
• the motor cortex in the right controls movement in the left hand side of the body

Question 3

SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX

Answer 3

receives information from touch receptors throughout the body in the skin
•in the parietal lobe

Question 4

VISUAL CORTEX

Answer 4

at the back of the brain and goes through the optic nerve

• the right hemisphere’s visual cortex processes visual information received by the left eye and vice versa
• in the occipital lobe

Question 5

AUDITORY CORTEX

Answer 5

processes sound

• there is one in each hemisphere that processes for the opposite side of the body
•neurons on one side detect high frequency sounds but neurons on the other side detect low frequency sounds
•in the temporal lobe

Question 6

BROCA’S AREA

Answer 6

main centre of speech production

• usually in the left hemisphere only •in the frontal lobe

Question 7

WERNICKE’S AREA

Answer 7

concerned with speech comprehension

• usually in the left hemisphere only •in the temporal lobe

Question 8

PHINEAS GAGE CASE STUDY SUMMARY

Answer 8

• an iron rod penetrated his skull during an accident and he suffered damage to his frontal lobe

• he most a mostly full recovery

• had a personality change after the accident which suggests that personality is localised to the frontal lobe

• personality change may be due to emotional trauma not brain damage

• scientific measures were not used and we relied on the opinions of people around Gage

Question 9

BROCA’S APHASIA

Answer 9

•a language disorder caused by damage in a specific area of the brain that controls language expression and comprehension

•patients struggled with language production

• couldn’t speak full sentences and took a long time to get words out

• provides supporting evidence to suggest that damage to Broca’s area affects language production

Question 10

WERNICKE’S APHASIA

Answer 10

• language was easily formed but the sentences were not comprehensive

• the sentence were not relevant

• speech with impaired meaning and poor comprehension

• suggests that damage to Wernicke’s area causes damage to language interpretation