local government reforms (1864-70)

Question 1

a system of elected local councils established both at district and provincial levels known as

Answer 1

zemstva

Question 2

how were Zemstva chosen?

Answer 2

through a system of electoral colleges

Question 3

electoral colleges

Answer 3

separate colleges for nobles, townspeople, church, and peasants
-voting procedure allowed the nobility to dominate

Question 4

powers of zemstva

Answer 4

-improve public services(roads ,schools ,public health, prisons)
-develop industrial projects
-administer poor relief in times of hardship

Question 5

in 1870 what was this reform extended to

Answer 5

extended to towns, when elected town councils called dumas set up

Question 6

the establishment of a degree of representative government at a local level raised the hopes of?

Answer 6

members of the intelligentsia who wanted a representative national assembly
-but the power of zemstva strictly limited

Question 7

why was the power of Zemstva strictly limited?

Answer 7

they had no control over state and local taxes

Question 8

provincial governors

Answer 8

-continued to appoint officials
-took responsibility for law and order
-could even overturn zemstvo decisions if they chose

Question 9

why was Zemstva valuable addition to local gov?

Answer 9

-composed of men who understood the locality and its needs

Question 10

problem with zemstva

Answer 10

• despite peasant representation, they were never truly ‘people’s assemblies
  -attracted doctors, lawyers, teachers, and scientists who to the dismay of regime used meetings as opportunities to debate political issues + criticise gov