impact of emancipation

Question 1

kulaks (prosperous land peasant)

Answer 1

-did well out of land allocations as they bought up extra land so could produce surplus grain for export
-peasants who sold up their allocation or obtained a passport to leave the mir, raised their living standard by finding work in the industrialising cities

Question 2

landowners

Answer 2

some used government compensation to get out of debt, and enterprising individuals made profits through investments in industry

Question 3

problem with land allocations

Answer 3

usually unfair, small allotments which provided little opportunity to adopt new farming methods

Question 4

mir system proved to be a traditional institution so subsistence farming and technical backwardness continued which meant that?

Answer 4

in 1878, only 50% of peasantry were capable of producing a surplus

Question 5

landowners reaction

Answer 5

resented their loss of influence, student protests, and riots

Question 6

what made rural life difficult?

Answer 6

-loss of former benefits, restrictions on travel(required an internal passport) and burden of redemption payments

Question 7

resentment of kulaks led to

Answer 7

further violent outbreaks in the countryside

Question 8

in the 4 months that followed the edict there were ?

Answer 8

647 incidents of riot

Question 9

a peasant riot in Bezdna was brutally rushed with

Answer 9

70 peasant deaths

Question 10

the changes to the rights and position of peasants and landowners led to

Answer 10

further domestic reforms