local anaesthetics Flashcards
1
Q
what are the local anaesthetics
A
lidocaine
cocaine
bupivacaine
prilocaine
2
Q
1 risk of lidocaine
A
- toxicity
3
Q
treatment of lidocaine toxicity
A
IV 20% lipid emulsion
4
Q
signs of lidocaine toxicity
A
cardiac arrythmias
5
Q
indication for cocaine
A
used in ENT on nasal mucosa
6
Q
2 SE of cocaine
A
- cardiac arrythmia
- tachycardia
(crosses BBB)
7
Q
MOA of bupivacaine
A
blocks Na influx into cells to prevent depolarisation
8
Q
1 risk of bupivacaine
A
cardiotoxic
9
Q
alternative to bupivacaine
A
levobupivacaine
10
Q
drug used for IV regional anaesthesia and why
A
prilocaine
- much less cardiotoxic
11
Q
benefits of adding in adrenaline
A
- prolongs duration of action
- allows use of higher dosages (have to increase dose if using adrenaline)
12
Q
CI to adding adrenaline
A
- tricyclic antidepressants
-MAOIs
13
Q
which drug can you not increase the dose of even when you add adrenaline
A
bupivacaine
(use lignocaine instead)
