LO4 UNDERSTAND THE RESPIRATORY AND SYSTEM IN RELATION TO EXERCISE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

Question 1

what is the structure of the lungs and their roles

Answer 1

nasal cavity- entry point for air, this is where 70% of you ventilate enters this way

pharynx- point where your mouth, nasal cavity and throat join together. it helps warm and moisten air.

epiglottis- this cartilaginous structure forms a flap at the back of the throat, its role is to cover the esophagus when you are breathing so that air doesnt enter your stomach. protects the and cover the trachea so that food cant choke you when you eat.

larynx- this is where speech is created

trachea- connects the pharynx and larynx to the lungs

brochi- bronchi branch out from the left and the right of trachea and lead into the lungs.

bronchioles-these branch off from the bronchi into lobes at the end of the lungs

alveoli- this is where diffusion takes place.

sterhoclediomastoid- pulls the collar bone higher to increase the size of the thoracic cavity.

pectoralis major- muscle that helps to reduce the size of the thoracic cavity by squeezing the ribs in.

Question 2

what is tidal volume, frequency and minute ventilation

Answer 2

tidal volume: the volume or air inspired or expired per breath-
approximately 500ml

frequency- the number breather taken in one minute
approxamitly

minute ventilation- the volume of air inspired or expired per minute

Question 3

what is the equation for minute ventilation

Answer 3

ve=tvXf
((minute ventilation= tidal volume X frequency))

Question 4

ddd

Answer 4

inspiration volume- the volume of air available that could be inspired after tidal volume

expiration reserve volume- the volume of air available that can be expired after tidal volume

residual volume- the volume of air that is left in the lungs after total force expiration

vital capacity- the total volume of air that can be inspired and expired

total lung capacity- the total volume of lungs at maximal inflation

Question 5

short term effects opf exercise on the respiritory system

Answer 5

tidal volume increases form 500ml to 3-4l during exercise

frequency increases from 12-15 to 40-60 during exercise

minute ventilation increases from 6-7.5L/min to 120L/min during exercise

Question 6

long term effects of exercise on the respiratory system