LO1 - Impulse Control Disorders Flashcards
Definition - impulse control disorder
The inability to control or inhibit acting on impulses that may be harmful to self or others
What are the 5 impulse control disorders
Kleptomania
Pyromania
Intermittent explosive disorder
Trichotillomania
Gambling disorder (non substance related disorder)
Impulse response cycle
- Impulse or desire
- Increased tension
- Increased arousal
- The act
- Gratification and pleasure
- Regret, self reproach, guilt
What regions of the brain are thought to be involved
Nucleus accumbens - urges and impulses
Amygdala - emotional response
Prefrontal cortex - governing risky/impulsive behaviour, planning and judgement
Frontal cortex - governing risky/impulsive behaviour, planning and judgement
What pathways of the brain are involved
Mesocortical and mesolimbic
Kleptomania
More common in females
Recurrent failures to resist impulses to steal object
Objects are not desired for monetary value or personal use
Three courses of kleptomania
Sporadic with brief episodes and long periods of remission
Episodic with prolonged periods of stealing and remission
Chronic and fluctuating
First line drug for kleptomania
SSRIs
Pyromania
Rare disorder (<1%)
No established age on onset
Majority of cases in men - more common in those with poorly developed social skills and learning delays
Definition - pyromania
Failure to resist impulses to set fires on multiple occasions
No motivation other than relief or pleasure
Intermittent explosive disorder
More common in children, adolescents, and young adults
More common in men
6 types pharmacological treatments for IED
Anticonvulsants
Antipsychotics
Mood stabilizers
SSRIs
Beta blockers
Alpha 2 agonists
Trichotillomania
Begins in childhood
More common in females
Two types of Trichotillomania
Binge - after stressful event, excessive hair loss
Sedentary - unknowing, during daily tasks, minimal hair loss
Treatment of Trichotillomania
SSRIs
