LO1 Flashcards
hazard
anything with the potential to cause harm
risk
the likelihood of harm occurring
environmental hazards
-the environment is everything around you - pets, objects,people, buildings
-slips and trips
-slip hazards - wet floor, ice, sick
trip hazards - objects left on floor, uneven ground or flooring
physical hazards
“a factor within the environment that can harm the body without necessarily touching it”
-radiation, x-rays, gamma rays and noise
biological hazards
-biological hazards include bacteria, viruses and fungi. infections can spread rapidly between people causing illness.
Direct transmission - living thing to living thing. sneezing on someone.
Indirect transmission - object to person. sneezing on food you are giving to someone. contaminated food or water.
psychological hazards
-A psychological hazard affects the mental well being of the worker by overwhelming their coping mechanisms and impacting their ability to work in a safe mannor
-stress and fatigue
chemical hazards
-chemical hazards are stored in workplaces and are any substance that can cause harm to people if not handed properly.
-cleaning materials (bleach) can result in harmful chlorine gas or hydrochloric acid if carelessly used.
-medicines can lead to serious illness if taken incorrectly.
Types of hazards
environmental - eg slip & trips hazards
physical - eg noise & radiation
biological - eg waste & infection
chemical - eg medicines & cleaning materials
psychological - stress & fatigue
additional hazards -
muscoloskeletal hazards
the injury is a high risk in health and social care and is important we take care of our bodies. eg:
-poor postures & movements
-repetiveness & pace of work
-manual handling - lifting individuals or heavy objects
-display screen equipment (DSE, computers)
additional hazards -
poor working conditions
-temperature
-supervision
-travel
-hours
-noise
-alarms
additional hazards -
unsafe working practices
-long working hours
-lack of supervision for staff
-lack of staff training
-lack of hygiene eg hand washing
-incorrect lifting technique
additional hazards -
lack of security systems
if these are missing, there may be a security risk
-door and window locks
-passcode / buzzer entry
-security lights
-CCTV
reducing biological hazards
-personal hygiene (eg hand washing)
-keep immunisations up to date
-clean up spills immediately and disinfect surfaces. blood and bodily fluids should be handled as if they are infectious
-wear PPE masks gloves where needed
-encourage children to wash hands, use tissues & put hand over mouth when coughing
reducing chemical hazards
-keep all hazardous chemicals out for the reach of children/vulnerable adults or locked up.
-ventilate the era by opening windows
-don’t leave chemicals unattended, must put it away or take it with you
-wash any part of you that fake into direct contact with the substance
-avoid moving products into other containers.
-never store hazardous chemicals near foods / kitchens
potential impacts of hazards:
-injury or harm
-illness
-poor standards of care
-financial loss
who is at risk of hazards?
-employer
-employee
-service user
injury or harm - environmental
unidentified environmental hazards can cause injury or harm
for example, overflowing kitchen sink can cause a support worker in clients home to slip causing bruising
injury or harm - chemical
chemical hazards can cause injuries and harm to service users and employees of organisations.
for example, not following manufacturers on wearing protective equipment such as aprons and gloves may lead to employees sustaining rashes and burns
illness - biological
biological hazards can cause life threatening and long term illness
for example, used dressings not disposed of correctly, dirty laundry not washed separately
these can lead to the spread of infection resulting in serious illnesses.
illness - psychological
stress and tiredness can impact an employer, employee and the individual receiving care.
for example, tiredness can lead to employees being more likely to make mistakes in routine working practices; impact can be unsafe level of care. stress can lead to strained interactions, reducing level of care.
poor standards of care - working conditions
unsafe working conditions and working practices can result in hazards not being identified, reduced or removed, leading to lower standards and quality of care.
for example, lack of property maintained hand washing facilities leads to reduce personal hygiene resulting in the spread of infections.
poor standards of care - working practices
poor working practice can impact on standards of care and support.
for example, lack of supervision can reduce communication within team and service users leading to misunderstandings, conflict and stress.
financial loss - lack of security systems
HSE fine as a result of hazards not being identified and reduced or removed. HSE is the health and safety execution (responsible for safety inspections).
lack of security systems can lead to theft and damage of property.
impact summary
injury or harm:
environmental
chemical
physical
illness:
biological
physical
poor standards of care:
working practices
working conditions
musculoskeletal
financial loss:
lack of security systems
who can abuse be against?
employee
person receiving care
anyone
what are the two types of abuse?
intentional abuse - harm is deliberate
unintentional abuse - harm is not done on purpose
examples on intentional abuse:
financial abuse
care assistant who is helping an individual with their shipping buys items for themselves with individuals money
examples of intentional abuse:
physical abuse
a patient who is upset at behind advised by a nurse not to smoke and hits the nurse
examples of intentional abuse:
neglect abuse
a nursery worker who does not ensure a child wears warm clothes in play outside in the winter
examples of unintentional abuse:
physical abuse
a care worker moves a resident in their bed in a careless manner
examples of unintentional abuse:
verbal abuse
an individual who has dementia shouts at care staff and visitors
examples of unintentional abuse:
neglect
play group volunteer forgets to ask children to wash their hands after using the toilet
what are five effects of abuse?
-mental health problems eg depression, ptsd, anxiety
-illness
-loss of confidence
-feeling angry / annoyed
-physical affects on body - injury
what are 4 effects of child abuse?
-inappropriate behaviour
-poor social skills
-poor bond with parent
-excessive violence with other children
what are the 5 types of settings?
health care
social care
childcare
public environments
transport
give 3 examples of health care environments and the potential risk
-hospital
-GP surgery
-dentist
potential risk - stress experienced by staff (psychological)
give 3 examples of social care environments and the potential risk
-individuals home (domiciliary)
-residential home
-nursing home
potential risk - weak immune system makes individual vulnerable to infection (biological)
give 2 examples of childcare environments and two potential risks
-nursery
-school
potential risk - small toys as choking hazards (working conditions/practices)
picking up food from the floor (biological)
give 4 examples of public environments and two potential risks
-shopping centre
-park
-cinema
-sports venue
potential risks - slips, trips, falls (environmental)
food poisoning from food outlets (biological)
give 3 examples of transport and the potential risk
-minibus
-ambulance
-bus
potential risk - slips and trips and getting off of transport (environmental)
health definition
physical, emotional, psychological and social well-being
safety definition
prevention or protection from danger, risk or injury
security definition
measures taken to promote a sense of feeling safe, free from danger, threat or fear such as door and window locks, procedures to deal with intruders or minimise violence
health hazards
an incident or event leading to illness
safety hazards
incidents leading to personal injury or damage to equipment or premises
security hazards
intruders, theft of property or information, abduction of individuals or individuals leaving without consent or supervision
short term effects on abuse
-bruises, cuts, broken bones (physical)
-contracting an STI (sexual)
-low self esteem (emotional)
-challenging or needy behaviours (neglect)
long term effects on abuse
-inability to sleep
-developing mental health issues
-addictions
-physical health conditions
definition of abuse
a violation of an individuals human and civil rights by another person
