LL Bones Part II

Question 1

medial and lateral condyle

Answer 1

tibia/fibula

attachment site for ligaments and musculature

Question 2

medial and lateral plateau

Answer 2

tibia/fibula
shelf for femur
medial side is concave, lateral side is convex

Question 3

intercondylar eminence

Answer 3

tibia/fibula

cruciate ligament attachment site

Question 4

tibial tuberosity

Answer 4

tibia

attachment site for patella ligament/tendon

Question 5

medial malleolus

Answer 5

distal projection at ankle

deltoid ligament attachment site

Question 6

fibular head

Answer 6

large superior projection

close to peroneal nerve

Question 7

fibular shaft

Answer 7

often site of fracture

Question 8

lateral malleolus

Answer 8

inferior, forms part of ankle

many ankle ligaments attach here

Question 9

proximal and distal tibiofibular joints

Answer 9

reinforced by anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments

Question 10

syndesmosis

Answer 10

thick, fibrous connective tissue between tibia and fibula

supports both joints

Question 11

compartment syndrome

Answer 11

increases pressure in fixed space of lower leg which causes neural and vascular structure compression

Question 12

What compartment is the most common to have compartment syndrome?

Answer 12

anterior

Question 13

What is the positive measurement for compartment syndrome?

Answer 13

resting pressure > 15 mm Hg
1-min post >30mm
5-min post >20 mm

Question 14

How frequent are tibia/fibula fractures?

Answer 14

rare

Question 15

maisonneuve fracture

Answer 15

not frequent
proximal 1/3 of femur
commonly misidentified as an ankle injury

Question 16

Name the bones of the rear foot.

Answer 16

talus and alcaneus

Question 17

talus

Answer 17

convex dome underneath tibia

forms half of talocrural joint

Question 18

calcaneus

Answer 18

underneath talus
insertion for achilles tendon
origin for plantar fascia

Question 19

Name the bones of the midfoot.

Answer 19

navicular, cuboid, cuneiform

Question 20

navicular

Answer 20

between mid and rear foot

common injury site

Question 21

cuboid

Answer 21

mobile bone

Question 22

cuneiform

Answer 22

medial, middle, and lateral

little clinical significance

Question 23

Name the bones of the forefoot.

Answer 23

metatarsals and phalanges

Question 24

metatarsals

Answer 24

total of 5
named medial to lateral
fractures common in 2/3

Question 25

phalanges

Answer 25

each toe has 3 phalanges except the big toe which has only 2

Question 26

talocrural joint

Answer 26

true ankle joint

doriflexion/plantarflexion

Question 27

anterior talofibular ligament

Answer 27

3 o’clock

first torn

Question 28

calcaneofibular ligament

Answer 28

6 o’clock

seond torn

Question 29

posterior talofibular ligament

Answer 29

9 o’clock

Question 30

deltoid ligament

Answer 30

medial side, broad and strong

Question 31

anterior/posterior tibiofibular ligaments

Answer 31

stabilize distal tibia/fibula

high ankle sprain

Question 32

subtalar joint

Answer 32

inversion/eversion

between talus and calcaneus

Question 33

ankle sprain

Answer 33

usually when ankle is plantarflexed + sudden inversion

Question 34

achilles tendon rupture

Answer 34

middle aged males or explosive sports
patients feel shot in the foot
surgery or conservative casting care

Question 35

pes planus

Answer 35

flat foot

Question 36

pes cavus

Answer 36

high arch

Question 37

plantar fascia (aponeurosis) calcaneal tubercle

Answer 37

runs from calcaneal tubercle to proximal phalanx of each digit

Question 38

long plantar ligament

Answer 38

connects rearfoot to midfoot

Question 39

metatarsophalangeal joint

Answer 39

between foot and toes

Question 40

proximal interphalangeal joint

Answer 40

first joint of toes 2-5

Question 41

distal interphalangeal joint

Answer 41

second joint of toes 2-5

Question 42

turf toe

Answer 42

force hyperextension of big toe

Question 43

hallux valgus/bunion

Answer 43

widening of forefoot
caused by genetics, high heels, and/or pes planus
corrective surgery or therapy