Living Things + Their Environment

Question 1

Define the main key terms; ecology, habitat, population,
community, ecosystem.

Answer 1

Ecology is the study of the interaction between organisms and their environment. (1)

Habitat - the place where an organism lives. (1)

Population - all the members of a single species that live in a habitat. (1)

Community - all the populations of different organisms that live together in a habitat. (1)

An ecosystem is a community of animals, plants, micro-organisms, non-living things and their shared environment. (1)

Question 2

What are the factors that affect an environment? (11)

Answer 2

Abiotic Factors: (1)
Light intensity. (1)
Temperature. (1)
Soil pH. (1)
Soil moisture. (1)

Biotic factors: (1)
Food availability. (1)
Competition for environmental resources. (1)
Grazing. (1)
Predation. (1)
Disease.(1)

Question 3

The role of decomposers in a food chain. (1)

Answer 3

Decomposers are bacteria and fungi that break down dead plant and animal matter. (1)

Question 4

Does all energy in a food chain comes from the sun but does only 10% of energy is passed on to each level of the food chain? (1)

Answer 4

Yes (1)

Question 5

Do green plants get their energy from photosynthesis and animals get their energy from respiration? (1)

Answer 5

Yes (1)

Question 6

Feeding relationships, food chains and webs. Name the
organisms at all trophic levels. (4)

Answer 6

Feeding relationships show what organisms eat or are eaten by others and through this the levels of organisation in an ecosystem. (1)

A food chain is a list of organisms in a habitat that shows their feeding relationship, i.e what eats what. (1)

A food web. is a network of interconnected food chains . It shows the energy flow through part of an ecosystem. (1)

Producer, Primary Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer. (1)

Question 7

Factors limiting population growth; list and describe the
four factors.

Answer 7

Food, Water, Living Space, and Disease. (1)
Anything sensible for Part 2. (1)

Question 8

What causes changes in populations sizes? (1)

Answer 8

Birth, Death, Immigration, Emmigration (1)

Question 9

How organisms, both plants and animals, adapt to their
environment. Give an example of an organism and how it has adapted to its environment.

Answer 9

Adaptations are traits that help an organism survive in its environment. (1)
Animals have a wide range of structural adaptations including sharp claws to catch prey , dig burrows or scratch trees to signal territories. (1)

Question 10

Aerobic Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 10

Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide+ water

Glucose -> Lactic Acid

Question 11

How to test for the products of respiration

Answer 11

Carbon Dioxide makes limewater cloudy, water turns anhydrous copper sulphate blue.