Classification + Variation Flashcards
Define classification and be able to use a simple
classification key.
Classification, in biology, the establishment of a hierarchical system of categories on the basis of presumed natural relationships among organisms.
List the five kingdoms of life and be able to compare and
contrast between the kingdoms.
animal, plant, fungi, protist and monera
Distinguish between vertebrate and invertebrates and
give examples of both.
Vertebrates have a backbone, while invertebrates don’t. Examples of vertebrates include mammals (like humans), birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Examples of invertebrates include insects (like ants and butterflies), mollusks (like snails and octopuses), annelids (like earthworms), and cnidarians (like jellyfish).
Describe the properties of the Phylum Arthapoda
Arthropods have jointed legs, segmented bodies, and an exoskeleton made of chitin. They display bilateral symmetry, undergo molting, and possess well-developed sensory organs. Examples include insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and myriapods.
Distinguish between insects and spiders.
Insects have six legs, three body segments (head, thorax, abdomen), and typically wings. Spiders have eight legs, two body segments (cephalothorax, abdomen), and produce silk.
List and describe the properties of the five main groups
of vertebrates; fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and
mammals
Fish: Aquatic vertebrates with gills for respiration, scales covering their bodies, and typically fins for locomotion.
Amphibians: Vertebrates that start their lives in water with gills, then develop lungs for breathing on land. They have moist skin and undergo metamorphosis.
Reptiles: Vertebrates with scaly skin, usually laying eggs with leathery shells. They are cold-blooded and breathe air through lungs.
Birds: Warm-blooded vertebrates with feathers, beaks, and wings. They lay hard-shelled eggs and have a high metabolic rate, typically capable of flight.
Mammals: Warm-blooded vertebrates with hair or fur, mammary glands for milk production, and typically give birth to live young. They breathe air using lungs and regulate body temperature internally.
Distinguish between cold and warm blooded animals.
Cold-blooded animals have body temperatures that fluctuate with their environment, while warm-blooded animals maintain a relatively constant internal temperature, regardless of the external environment.
Define variation and describe common variations
between individuals
Variation refers to differences among individuals within a species. Common variations include differences in physical traits (such as size, color, and shape), genetic makeup, behavior, and physiological characteristics.
Distinguish between continuous and discontinuous
variation and give examples of both.
Continuous variation involves a range of values for a trait within a population, with no distinct categories. Examples include height in humans or beak length in birds. Discontinuous variation involves distinct categories or classes for a trait, with little or no variation within each category. Examples include blood types in humans or flower color in certain plants.
Genes are inherited from parent and they control traits
or characteristics in individuals. True or False?
True
