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Geography > Living Spaces > Flashcards

Living Spaces Flashcards

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1
Q

What would your living space be like if you lived in a rich city like London?

A

Probably a small flat, maybe a house if you were rich
Luxurious
Clean
Lots of facilities like washing machines, fridge, freezer, microwave, television, beds, storage etc
Good sanitation and washing facilities
Privacy from other people

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2
Q

What does EDC stand for?

A

Economically developed city or country

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3
Q

What does LEDC stand for?

A

Less economically developed city or country

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4
Q

What is a MEDC compared to a LEDC?

A

MEDC is a more economically developed city compared to an LEDC less economically developed city/country.

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5
Q

What would your living space be like if you lived in a LEDC like Nairobi in Kenya

A 
Cheap houses, badly made
Poor or no sanitation
No running water
No electricity
Lots of people living in one room
No privacy
Unclean
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6
Q

What are the two very distinct areas in Nairobi (Kenya)

A
  1. The very rich area

2. The very poor slum area

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7
Q

What would the very rich areas in Nairobi (Kenya) be like?

A 
The very rich area:
High rise luxury flats or houses
Running water 
Good sanitation
Electricity
Lots of facilities
Hospitals
Shops
Libraries
Schools
 Doctors and medicine
Parks
Lawyers
Banks
Postal service
Organised roads and addresses
Very clean
Regular rubbish collections
Police to bring about law and order
Entertainment, e.g. cinemas, cafes, restaurants

There may be some crime as the poorer areas get jealous and steal or hurt the rich people.

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8
Q

What would the main slum area in Nairobi (Kenya)

A

Very poor housing made of cheap materials possibly from scrap metal or wood

Poor or no sanitation: no toilets so the area would be smelly with lots of germs that would promote disease.

No electricity for amenities like fridge, freezer, washing machine etc.

Very high rates of crime: drug dealing, robbery, guns etc

No schools, hospitals, courts, police

No public transport
No obvious streets or addresses
No postal system
Lots of rubbish as there would be no rubbish collection…. rats and mice and disease breeding in the rotting rubbish.

No hospitals, medicine or doctors.

No parks for children to play in. They play in rubbish tips.

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9
Q

Why do the poor people live very close to the rich people when they do not like each other: the rich hate the filth of the slums and the poor rob and threaten the rich.

A

The rich and poor need each other:

1) the rich need people who will cook, clean, shop, look after the children, sweep the streets, drivers, labourers and do all the very low paid jobs that help them lead their privileged lives.
2) The poor need the jobs and money that the rich people give them to survive. They are the only people who will do the work for affordable prices.

And so as long as both sides need each other, then they are pretty stable living together.

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10
Q

List some PHYSICAL factors with examples that affect the location of cities

A
  1. Close to water for washing, toilet and trading e.g. Dundee, Southampton, South Downs
  2. Not close to a flood area, e.g. Cairo and the Nile
  3. Good soils for farming, e.g. East Anglia
  4. Hills for defence , e.g Corfe castle
  5. Shelter from the weather
  6. Good drainage for farming and so ground was dry for living
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11
Q

List some CLIMATE factors with examples that affect the location of cities

A
  1. Good weather for farming e.g sun and rain, not too windy

2. Pleasant weather for living in, not too hot or cold or windy or wet.

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12
Q

List some ECONOMIC factors with examples that affect the location of cities

A
  1. Physically close to a port, e.g. Dundee and Southampton
  2. Near the coast for trading of goods
  3. With meandering rivers to allow transport of goods for trading
  4. Some road or early transport structure to allow goods to travel for trading
  5. Good markets set up to trade goods
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13
Q

What three types of factor affect the location of the early cities?

A

Economy
Climate
Physical geography

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14
Q

What is a settlement?

A

A settlement is an area where people live. It can be a city or just a house in the middle of the countryside.

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15
Q

What is meant by the term the site of a settlement?

A

The site of a settlement is the place where it is built. All the features of the place will be taken into account.

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16
Q

Give two examples of a good site of settlement and why?

A
  1. The site of Corfu castle which was built on the side of a mountain for défense so they could quickly see who and when someone was coming to attack them.
  2. The settlement in the South Downs is strategically placed for the ease of getting to water
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17
Q

What is meant by the situation of a settlement? Give an example

A

The situation of a settlement means where it is situated. This will often change the size and shape of a settlement, for example Southampton is right near the sea so can’t spread any further in that direction, but it an advantage for its ports.

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18
Q

Why do modern settlements not have to be beside a river for living water?

A

It can be piped in by a good water system and waste can be removed.

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19
Q

What is meant by a settlement function? Give some examples

A

A settlement function is what it is designed to do. They start with one function and they grow to develop others.

Southampton’s first function was as a port, Shropshire or Ludlow were originally market towns and Southport was a resort town

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20
Q

What happens to a settlement function over time?

A

They keep their original function but as the town grows they develop more and more functions.

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21
Q

Give examples of how cities change through time?

A
  1. More buildings are created and improved. May start with mud huts and then move to glass and bricks
  2. City is busier with lots more people
  3. Transport improves e.g roads get better and horse and carts change to cars
  4. Function may change e.g. defence to retail
  5. Some areas are demolished due to conflict e.g. WW1 and 2 and Kings e.g. monasteries
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22
Q

Give some reasons for why cities have changed over time?

A
  1. Transport
  2. Conflict e.g. wars
  3. Function e.g port closes down, no longer a popular resort for holidays
  4. Natural disasters e.g. earthquakes
  5. Population change e.g immigration of a different population of people with different lifestyles
  6. Economic changes e.g. port closes down and there is no more trading, coal mines close down and there are no more jobs
  7. Transport can improve and then more trading, tourists
  8. Airport could open up and there would be a lot more traders and tourists
  9. A new industry could open with lots of jobs that attract people
  10. Population change due to jobs available with associated migration or immigration
  11. Better communications
  12. Better technology
  13. Better innovation (opportunities)
  14. Better resource availability
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23
Q

Discuss how the town of Ur in Iraq developed in 7000 bc

A

The two rivers Tigris and Euphrates provided living water and fish.
The water allowed trading and transport.

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24
Q

What do you think Ur in Iraq developed in 7000 bc was like then?

A

Well populated for that time
Rich
Powerful

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25
Q

Ur used to be called Mesopotamia. What does this mean in Greek?

A

The land between the rivers

26
Q

Discuss what Roman London would have looked like in 43AD

A

Well populated
Powerful
Rich

27
Q

Why did the city of Roman London build up?

A

The city of London in England was built up around the river Thames. The river provided a water supply, washing, drinking, fish for food and trade links

28
Q

How did the industrial city of York build up?

A

Between the two rivers Foss and Ouse. The rivers provided a water supply for drinking, washing, trading.

29
Q

What was build around York and other cities for safety?

A

A high wall Stretching all the way around so that people would feel safe as they were defended from their enemies.

30
Q

How did Manchester change over time after it was built around a water reservoir?

A

During the industrial revolution, lots of factories were built which provided lots of jobs, so people flocked to the city for work.

31
Q

Los Angeles started off very small with 48 people living around the edge of the sea. What is it like now?

A

It is a huge city with lots of industry and people. It has just grown and grown as more people flocked here for the jobs in industry but also because it has a very sunny climate and good living conditions

32
Q

Why is Masdar near Abu Dhabi special?

A

It is an eco city. It started being built when you were born (2006) and is due to finish in 2030.

It is near the airport with good toad links
It will be energy saving
Not very populated
Very quiet and peaceful.

33
Q

How will the eco city Masdar access water as it is land locked.

A

Networked pipes will provide water and sanitation

34
Q

List the sorts of things you would find in a city.

A 
Airport
Train station
Bus station
Good roads and cars
Libraries
Hospitals
Doctors
Dentists
Shops
Schools
Universities
Police stations
Fire stations
Hôtels
Law courts
Night clubs and entertainment
35
Q

Give some key information about the central business district CBD

A

The heart of the city, where settlement was originally cited.
Many high rise building or skyscrapers
Highly accessible - largest urban areas often have a mass rapid transport system, e.g. tube or metro

Small residential population but during the day and evening it is crowded with people working, shopping or seeking entertainment.

36
Q

What are the main functions of the CBD?

A 
Shops
Offices
Culture and entertainment
High land costs 
Large competition between shops and entertainment
37
Q

What would you look for on a map for central business district CBD?

A

Commercial activity - shops, department stores, banks, building society’s, offices.
Cultural activity - theatres, cinemas, restaurants
Major bus or railway stations
Pedestrianised centre
Town hall

38
Q

Provide some key information about the inner city

A

Grew during the industrial revolution
High density terraced housing originally built to accommodate workers from nearby factories.

During 1960’s and 1970’s many local authorities tried to improve parts of inner cities suffering from decay. High rise flats were built but demolished after 30 years.

During 1980’s and 1990’s inner cities continued to decline and problems worsened. Riots broke out in some areas. The riots led to an enquiry after which a new phase of inner city regeneration began.

39
Q

What would you look for on a map to find the inner city?

A

Grid iron street pattern
No space wasted
Narrow streets
Terraced housing leading straight onto the street, with yards. It gardens

40
Q

Give some key information about suburbs

A

Mostly residential
Different types of houses include:
Local authority housing (council estates)
Victorian terraces
Inter war housing (usually semi detached)
Post war private housing (usually detached)

41
Q

What would you look out for on a map to identify suburbs

A

Irregular road pattern with avenues and cul de sacs
Semi detached or detached housing with gardens and garages
Wider roads
Possible open spaces

42
Q

What is a rural fringe?

A

Detached housing, very open and green
Natural environment with clean air
Most houses are privately owned
Very healthy and low stress

43
Q

What would a rural fringe look like on a map?

A

Lack of housing with. Dry green areas

44
Q

What is greenfield land?

A

Forest or green areas that haven’t been built on before

45
Q

What is brownfield land?

A

A place where there once was buildings but it has now fallen out of use

46
Q

Many people all want to live in the same region. Which one?

A

SE England

47
Q

Do you think people should build new homes on brownland or Greenfield?

A

Brownland. The Greenfield should be left alone should wildlife, plants etc can thrive. Leaves nice green spaces for people to visit.

Brownland uses land and probably infrastructure that is already there.

48
Q

What are the problems of building on brownland?

A

It is very expensive to renovate as you have to clear away what was there originally

49
Q

Where are greenfield sites?

A

Rural fringe, country side

50
Q

What are the houses like in Greenland?

A

Large and modern

51
Q

What are the disadvantages of building on Greenland?

A 
Country traffic jams, not such good road networks
Wildlife will be driven away
Farm land will be lost
Trees will be cut down
Less infrastructure already in place
52
Q

Greenfield or Brownfield. Where would you rather live?

A

Brownfield site is more environmentally friendly but I would prefer to live in a greenfield site that is government protected area so people can’t build on the land around it

53
Q

What are LEDCs?

A

LEDC are seen as underdeveloped countries.
They generally have a low standard of living and low GDP
The location of the LEDC are mostly in the Southern Hemisphere

54
Q

Name some LEDC cities and countries

A 
Rio de Janerio in Brazil
Nairobi in Kenya
Dhaka in Bangladesh
Mexico City in a Mexico
Manila in Philippines
Mumbai in India
55
Q

Give 2 reasons why urban areas have grown in population in LEDC

A
  1. Migration (people moving into the city)

2. Natural increase - more births and less deaths

56
Q

Concerning rural urban migration, there are push and pull factors that either pull people into the areas or push people away from rural areas.

Name some push factors

A

Push people away from rural areas to move into urban areas

Poverty
Work only available in farms and there is not enough
Land shortages, overuse of farmland
Drought causing food shortages and famine
Lack of services, shortage of clean water and sanitation
Remoteness
Little hope of change and improvement
Old traditional ways of life no longer attractive

57
Q

Concerning rural urban migration, there are push and pull factors that either pull people into the areas or push people away from rural areas.

Name some pull factors

A

Factors pulling people into urban areas:

Better paid jobs
Work in factories, offices and shops
Reliable food supplies
Schools
Hospitals
Safe water supply
Electricity
Better road and transport
Always changing and interesting
New skyscrapers and road systems, proper shops, a dynamic feel to the place
58
Q

What is a slum?

A

An informal unplanned area of housing often built with very poor quality material. Poor sanitation and environmental quality.

59
Q

What is life like in the slums?

A 
Some children put themselves in danger for entertainment e.g playing in huge rubbish piles
Housing is unsafe and of poor quality
No amenities e.g. running water, electricity, sanitation
Rough and dirty
Dangerous as there is lots of crime
Overcrowded, lack of privacy
No hospitals, schools or proper shops
No street lighting
No policing
60
Q

What is the Favela Bairro Project

A

Charity that improves conditions in the slums
E.g. housing, education, helping people get off drugs, sanitation, street lighting.
Help residents grow their own food - self help

Geography (5 decks)

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