Livestock Terminology Flashcards
Breeding animals. They can either be purebred or crossbred
Seed Stock
Animal eligible for registry with a recognized breed association
Purebred
Animals that have never been crossbred
Full blood
When producers raise a young calf from birth until about 6-10 months of age
Cow-calf
Operators grow the calf to 600-850 Ibs. primarily on roughage
Stocker-yearling
High energy diet such as corn to finish cattle to a desirable slaughter weight and degree to finish
Feedlot
Producer maintains a breeding herd and produces feeder pigs for sale at an average of 40 Ibs
Feeder pig production
Producers maintain a breeding herd. Pigs are produced and feed to market weight on the same farm
Farrow to finish
Similar to farrow to finish except the salable production is primarily breeding boars and guils
Purebred ( seed stock) operator
Pigs are at the farrowing house until?
3 weeks of age (12-15 ibs)
From birth to weaning
Pigs are at the nursery until
They are around 60 days of age
50-60 ibs
Pigs are at the finishing house until
5-6 months around 220-290 ibs
Best single measure of sow productivity is
21 day litter weight
What are some reasons pig are not weaned before 3 weeks of age?
- Their intestines are not fully developed yet
2. Immunity against diseases is lowest at 3 weeks of age
When can sow be rebred
4-7 days after her pigs have been weaned
How long is a sows pregnancy?
3 months 3 weeks 3 days
Found out west range from 1,000 to 6,000
Range flock
Problem that causes a sheep to be unable to see
Wool blindness
What is the foaling rate that comes from artificial insemination
90%
Foaling rate from stallion penetration
50%
Foaling rate from wild horses
70%
Results when dairy cow is over feed and causes change in metabolism and starts depositing fat on her back instead of the milk
Milk depression
Average US dairy
- milking cow
- dry cows
- heifers for replacement
- calves
- 120 milking cows
- 35 dry cows
- 35 heifers
- 30 calves
Standard for reporting milk production
305 day 2x ME
Feed efficiency of milking cow
0.8-0.9 ib feed/ ib milk produced
Average income spend on food per year
9.5%
Contribution of animal to humans
Food
Clothing
Emotional well being
Contribution from human to animal
Food
Shelter
Companionship
Health
Why do we produce livestock?
Food
Fiber
By products
How much meat do we consume each year on avg ( boneless weight)
58% beef
56% chicken
47% pork
Who are the Big 4 and what percentage do the own
Armour
Swift
Cundany
Wilson
80%
Book that Led to the passage of meat industry agreement which establish the FDA
The Jungle
