Liver Structure and Function Flashcards
structure of liver
4 lobes, bare area
right and left, caudate (superior) and quadrate
what joins together to form common bile duct
what joins together to form common bile duct
what joins together and open into duodenum at spinchter of Oddi
common bile + pancreatic duct
what makes up portal triad
hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery, hepatic duct
at each corner of hexagonal lobule
where does blood from hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery travel to
hepatic sinusoids
what happens to the blood in hepatic sinusoids
goes to central veins -> hepatic veins -> IVC
or hepatocytes (bile synthesis, nutrient storage) → canncaliculi → hepatic ducts
what is the course of blood from alimentary canal
hepatic portal vein -> liver (hepatic sinusoids) -> central vein -> hepatic vein -> IVC
what is the function of the liver
regulates most chemical levels in the blood
production & secretion of bile
what is in bile
- bile acids
- lecithin
- cholesterol - all solubilise fat and synthesised in liver
- bile pigments (bilirubin)
- toxic metals
- bicarbonate - by duct cells
what are bile pigments
bilirubin
Breakdown products of haemoglobin from old/damaged erythrocytes
Breakdown products of haemoglobin from old/damaged erythrocytes
bilirubin modified by bacterial enzymes
what are bile acids synthesised from
what are bile acids synthesised from
what produces bile salts
bile acids conjugated w glycine or taurine = bile salts, inc solubility
bile acids conjugated w glycine or taurine = bile salts, inc solubility
3 layers
- mucosa
- muscularis (smooth muscle)
- serosa
what controls bile secretion
sphincter of Oddi - controls release of bile + panc juice into duodenum
when spinchter contracted (closed) forces bile back into gallbladder
what does the gallbladder do
concentrates and stores bile
what is the purpose of bile
fat solubilisation
what does secretin do
dec gastric acid secretion
dec gastric emptying
inc bicarbonate secretion
what stimulates secretin
acid in duodenum
what does cholecystokinin do
dec gastric emptying inc pac enzyme secretion gallbladder contraction relax spinchter of odder - bile secretion
what stimulates CCK
fats/AA in duodenum
what does bicarbonate do
neutralises gastric acid, make neutral pH environment in duodenum
