intro

Question 1

function of stomach

Answer 1

Digestion of proteins; foodstuffs

Question 2

function of liver

Answer 2

Bile salts for digestion/absorption of fats in small intestine

Question 3

function of pancreas

Answer 3

Digestive enzymes for digestion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins

Question 4

function of gallbladder

Answer 4

: Stores and concentrates bile

Question 5

small intestine function

Answer 5

Final stages of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption

Question 6

large intestine function

Answer 6

Water absorption, bacterial fermentation and formation of faeces

Question 7

what are the layers of the alimentary canal

Answer 7

mucosa - epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae
submucosa
muscularis externa
adventitia/serosa

Question 8

what parts have stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 8

Mouth, oesophagus, anal canal

Question 9

what parts have simple columnar

Answer 9

Stomach, small & large intestine

Question 10

what plexus is in the submucosa

Answer 10

submucosal plexus (meissners) - parasympathetic

Question 11

where do you get serosa

Answer 11

Inside peritoneal cavity

Question 12

where do you get adventitia

Answer 12

Outside peritoneal cavity

Question 13

describe muscularis externa

Answer 13

2 layers
Inner layer = circular muscle (constricts lumen)
Outer layer = longitudinal muscle (shortens tube)

myenteeric plexus, between layers

Question 14

function of muscularis externa

Answer 14

Produce motility -> peristalsis, segmentation

Question 15

what forms the enteric plexus

Answer 15

Submucosal + myenteric plexuses = enteric nervous system (ENS) -> independent control of gut function

Question 16

autonomic control of alimentary function

Answer 16

Long (parasympathetic) and short (ENS) reflexes

Question 17

parasymp control of alimentary function

Answer 17

vagus nerve (X)
except salivation -> VII and IX

inc secretion
inc motility

Question 18

symp control of alimentary function

Answer 18

splanchnic nerve
dec secretion
dec motility

Question 19

main arteries that supply GI system

Answer 19

from descending aorta

• celiac
• superior mesenteric A
• inferior mesenteric A

Question 20

what does celiac trunk supply

Answer 20

Stomach
Small intestine
Pancreas
Liver

Question 21

what does superior mesenteric A supply

Answer 21

Small intestine
Caecum
Ascending colon
Transverse colon

Question 22

what does inferior mesenteric A supply

Answer 22

Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum

Question 23

venous drainage of stomach

Answer 23

gastric vein -> hepatic portal vein -> hepatic vein -> IVC

Question 24

venous drainage of pancreas

Answer 24

splenic vein -> hepatic portal vein -> hepatic vein -> IVC