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TCM Diagnosis Maciocia Textbook > Liver patterns > Flashcards

Liver patterns Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the Liver

A 
stores the blood
ensures the free flow/smooth flow of Qi
controls the sinews
opens to the eyes
controls tears
houses the Hun
affected by anger
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2
Q

a “feel” for liver pathology

A 
rapid changes
up and down fluctuations (energy, mood)
emotionally up and down
moodiness, irritability
eye problems/vision problems
nails
a feeling of "distension"
gynecological problems
scanty menses
Hun-depression
(coexist with SP, ST, GB, Intestine problems)
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3
Q

Liver blood nourishes the skin

A

exterior wind can stir the blood stored in the liver and manifest with skin rashes. It causes or aggravates skin diseases

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4
Q

Anger & liver

A

anger includes frustration and resentment
anger may cause Liver qi stagnation or liver yang rising
anger makes qi rise and is frequent cause of headaches from liver yang rising

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5
Q

feeling of distension

A

chief symptom of qi stagnation. aka “bloating” in English

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6
Q

tongue in qi stagnation

A

may be normal colored; it is not purple. in severe cases it may be red on the sides

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7
Q

Liver qi stagnation associated with or deriving from liver blood deficiency in women

A

LR qi stagnation is often deriving from or associated with Liver blood deficiency in women
symptoms and signs sl different and generally of the deficient type
depression rather than irritability
pulse: fine and only slightly wiry on the left
xiao yao san is for Liver qi stagnation deriving from or associated with blood deficiency
yue ju wan is for pure Liver qi stagnation

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8
Q

Kidneys are mother of the liver

A

a deficiency of Kidneys may induce a secondary Liver qi stagnation

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9
Q

1) feeling of distension of hypochondrium, chest, epigastrium or abdomen and sighing
2) melancholy, depression, moodiness, fluctuations of mental state, feeling wound up, feeling of lump in the throat
3) irregular periods, distension of breasts before periods, premenstrual tension and irritability
tongue: body color may be normal. in severe cases it may be slightly red on the sides
pulse: wiry, especially on the left

A

Liver qi stagnation

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10
Q

a feeling of distension, wiry pulse and red sides of the tongue

A

Liver qi stagnation turning into heat

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11
Q 
hypochondrial or epigastric distension
a slight feeling of oppression of the chest
irritability
melancholy
depression
moodiness
a feeling of a lump in the throat
a feeling of heat
red face
thirst
propensity to outbursts of anger
premenstrual tension
irregular periods
premenstrual breast distension
heavy periods
tongue red on the sides
wiry pulse
A

Liver qi stagnation turning into heat

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12
Q

belching, irritability and a wiry pulse

A

Rebellious Liver qi

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13
Q 
hypochondrial or epigastric distension
hiccups
sighing
nausea
vomiting
belching
churning feeling in the stomach
irritability 
in women breast distension
tongue normal or sl red on the sides
wiry pulse
A

Rebellious Liver qi

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14
Q

stabbing pain and purple tongue

A

blood stasis

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15
Q

frequently causes pain
but may occur without pain
stabbing pain
can occur with or without a purple tongue
potentially leads to serious diseases (unlike qi stagnation)

A

blood stasis

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16
Q

blood stasis & phlegm in elderly

A

happens frequently

seen in serious conditions such as coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer

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17
Q 
hypochondrial pain
abdominal pain
vomiting of blood
epistaxis
painful periods
irregular periods
dark and clotted menstrual blood
infertility
masses in abdomen
purple nails
purple lips
purple or dark complexion
dry skin (in severe cases)
purple petechiae
purple tongue
wiry or firm pulse
A

Liver blood stasis

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18
Q

red tongue with redder sides and a dry yellow coating

A

Liver Fire

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19
Q

pathogen that:
dries up fluids (thirst, dark urine, dry stools)
agitates the mind (agitation, insomnia, restlessness)
causes bleeding (menorrhagia, epistaxis)

A

Fire

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20
Q 
irritability
propensity to outbursts of anger
tinnitus
deafness
temporal headache
dizziness
red face and eyes
thirst
bitter taste
dream disturbed sleep
constipation with dry stools
dark yellow urine
epistaxis
hematemesis
hemoptysis
red  tongue, redder on the sides, dry yellow coating
full wiry rapid pulse
A

Liver Fire Blazing

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21
Q

feeling of fullness and heaviness and a sticky yellow tongue coat

A

Damp Heat

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22
Q

feeling of fullness and heaviness and a sticky yellow tongue coat tongue body with red sides

A

Liver damp heat

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23
Q

fullness (feeling of fullness, epigastrium or abdomen)
heaviness (feeling of heaviness)
stickiness (sticky taste, oozing skin lesions, sticky stools)

A

Dampness

24
Q 
fullness of the hypochondrium, abdomen or hypogastrium
bitter taste
sticky taste
poor appetite
nausea
feeling of heaviness in the body
yellow vaginal discharge
vaginal itching
vulvar eczema or sores
midcycle bleeding and/or pain
pain
redness and swelling of the scrotum
genital papular or vesicular skin rashes and itching
urinary difficulty
burning on urination
dark urine
red tongue with redder sides
sticky yellow coating
slippery wiry rapid pulse
A

Damp heat in the liver

25
Q

fullness and distension of the hypogastrium with pain which refers downward to the scrotum and testis and upwards to the hypochondrium
the pain is alleviated by warmth
straining of the testis or contraction of the scrotum
vertical headache
feeling of cold
cold hands and feet
vomiting of clear watery fluid or dry vomiting
in women there can be shrinking of the vagina
p[ale and wet tongue with a white coating
deep wiry slow pulse

A

stagnation of cold in liver channel

26
Q

blurred vision, pale tongue and choppy pulse

A

liver blood deficiency

27
Q

Liver blood nourishes the:

A 
eyes : blurred vision
sinews: tingling, cramps
nails: ridged nails
uterus: scanty periods
Hun: insomnia, dreaming
28
Q

Hun is not rooted in Liver blood and may result in excessive coming and going causing insomnia, anxiety and a tendency to have too many projects, aims, dreams, plans in a scattered way

A

liver blood is deficient

29
Q

not enough coming and going of the Hun, and person may become depressed and have a feeling of aimlessness

A

both liver blood AND Liver qi is deficient

30
Q

consequences of Liver blood deficiency

A

heart blood def
kidney deficiency
secondary liver qi stagnation
liver yang rising

31
Q 
dizziness
numbness or tingling of limbs
insomnia
blurred vision
floaters in eyes
diminished night vision
scanty periods or amenorrhea
dull pale complexion without luster
pale lips
muscular weakness
cramps
withered and brittle nails
dry hair and skin
depression
a feeling of aimlessness
pale tongue, thin and slightly dry
choppy or fine pulse
A

Liver blood deficiency

32
Q

dry eyes and tongue without coating

A

liver yin deficiency

33
Q

consequences of liver yin deficiency

A

kidney yin deficiency
liver yang rising
heart yin deficiency

34
Q 
dizziness
numbness or tingling of limbs
insomnia
blurred vision
floaters in eyes
dry eyes
diminished night vision
scanty periods or amenorrhea
dull pale complexion without luster but red cheekbones
muscular weakness
cramps
withered and brittle nails
very dry hair and skin
depression
a feeling of aimlessness
normal colored tongue without coating or rootless coating
floating empty pulse
A

Liver yin deficiency

35
Q

throbbing headaches and wiry pulse

A

liver yang rising

36
Q

most common cause of chronic headaches

A

liver yang rising

37
Q

Imbalance between yin and yang
excessive rising of liver qi
not a heat pattern

A

liver yang rising

38
Q 
headache which may be on the temples, eyes or lateral side of the head
dizziness
tinnitus
deafness
blurred vision
dry mouth and throat
insomnia
irritability
feeling worked up
propensity to outbursts of anger
stiff neck
tongue pale if there is liver blood deficiency
tongue without coating if there is yin deficiency
wiry pulse
A

liver yang rising

39
Q

4 types of liver wind

A

1) extreme heat generating wind
2) Liver yang rising generating wind a) LYR from Liver yin deficiency b) LYR from Liver&Kidney yin deficiency c) LYR from liver blood deficiency
3) Liver fire generating wind
4) Liver blood deficiency generation wind

40
Q 
tremor
tic
numbness/tingling
dizziness
convulsions
paralysis
A

internal wind

41
Q 
high temperature
convulsions
rigidity of the neck
tremor of limbs
opisthotonos
in severe cases coma
tongue deep red, stiff, dry yellow coating
pulse wiry rapid
A

extreme heat generating wind

42
Q 
tremor
facial tic
severe dizziness
tinnitus
headache
hypertension
dry throat
dry eyes
blurred vision
numbness or tingling of limbs
poor memory
tongue: normal colored without coating
pulse wiry fine
A

liver yang rising deriving from liver yin deficiency

43
Q 
tremor
facial tic
severe dizziness
tinnitus
headache
dry throat
dry eyes
blurred vision
numbness or tingling of limbs
poor memory
backache
scanty urination
night sweating
possibly hypertension
tongue: normal colored without coating
pulse wiry fine
A

liver yang rising deriving from liver & kidney yin deficiency

44
Q 
tremor
dizziness
tinnitus
headache
hypertension
dry throat
blurred vision
numbness or tingling of limbs
poor memory
insomnia
tongue: pale and thin
pulse wiry fine
A

liver yang rising deriving from liver blood deficiency

45
Q 
tremor
irritability
propensity to outbursts of anger
tinnitus and/or deafness (sudden onset)
temporal headache
dizziness
red face and eyes
thirst
bitter taste
dream disturbed sleep
constipation with dry stools
dark yellow urine
epistaxis
hematemesis
hemoptysis
tongue: red body with redder sides and dry yellow coating
pulse wiry rapid
A

liver fire generating wind

46
Q 
fine tremor
facial tic
dizziness
blurred vision
numbness or tingling of limbs
poor memory
insomnia
scanty periods
tongue: pale and thin
pulse: wiry fine
A

liver blood deficiency generating wind

47
Q

alternation of constipation and loose stools and a wiry pulse

A

rebellious liver qi invading spleen

48
Q

liver qi invading spleen - 2 different situations

A

1) liver is overactive and it invades spleen

2) spleen is weak and allows itself to be invaded by liver (even when liver is not overactive)

49
Q

irritable bowel syndrome

A

often rebellious liver qi invading spleen

50
Q

irritability
abdominal distension and pain
alternation of constipation and diarrhea
stools sometimes dry and bitty and sometimes loose
flatulence
tiredness
tongue normal colored or sl red on the sides
pulse wiry on the left and weak on the right

A

rebellious liver qi invading spleen

51
Q

irritability
epigastric and hypochondrial distension and pain
a feeling of oppression in the epigastrium
sour regurgitation
hiccups
belching
nausea
vomiting
sighing
weak limbs
tongue: normal colored, or sl red on the sides
pulse wiry on the left and weak on the right or wiry on both middle positions

A

rebellious liver qi invading the stomach

52
Q 
breathlessness
asthma
a feeling of fullness and distension of the chest and hypochondrium
cough with a yellow or blood tinged sputum
headache
dizziness
red face
thirst
bitter taste
bloodshot eyes
scanty dark urine
constipation
tongue: red with redder sides and dry yellow coating
pulse wiry
A

liver fire insulting the lungs

53
Q 
combined pattern:
blurred vision
palpitations
pale tongue 
choppy pulse
A

Liver & heart blood deficiency
common in women
causing scanty periods and postnatal depression

54
Q

3 consequences of liver and heart blood deficiency

A

1) kidney deficiency
2) dryness
3) yin deficiency of liver and heart

55
Q 
palpitations
dizziness
insomnia
dream disturbed sleep
poor memory
anxiety
propensity to be startled
dull pale complexion
pale lips
blurred vision
floaters in eyes
diminished night vision
tingling or numbness in limbs
scanty periods or amenorrhea
cramps
muscular weakness
dry hair and skin
depression
a feeling of aimlessness
withered and brittle nails
tongue: pale thin slightly dry
pulse choppy or fine
A

liver and heart blood deficiency

TCM Diagnosis Maciocia Textbook (19 decks)

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