Liver, pancreas, and gall bladder drugs

Question 1

Beta-Blockers (non-selective) drug example

Answer 1

Propranolol

Question 2

Beta-Blockers (non-selective) MOA

Answer 2

Blocks cardiac Beta 1 and Beta 2 adrenergic receptors. Blocks renal Beta 1 receptors. Ultimately reduces heart rate, force of contraction, suppresses renin secretion, and reduces cardiac output.

Question 3

Indication for Beta-Blockers (non-selective) for accessory GI organs

Answer 3

Portal hypertension (liver cirrhosis)

Question 4

Adverse effects of Beta-Blockers (non-selective)

Answer 4

Bradycardia
AV heart block
Heart failure
Arrhythmias
Bronchoconstriction

Question 5

Laxatives (non absorbable synthetic disaccharide) drug example

Answer 5

Lactulose (enclose)

Question 6

Laxatives (non absorbable synthetic disaccharide) MOA

Answer 6

It is metabolized into various acids by bacteria in the gut, thereby making the large intestine more acidic. Lowers the pH of the colon, which inhibits the diffusion of ammonia from the colon into the blood, thereby reducing blood ammonia levels. Decreases intestinal production and absorption of ammonia

Question 7

Nursing considerations for laxatives (non absorbable synthetic disaccharide)

Answer 7

Watch for signs of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Assess cvs, gu, and neuro

Question 8

Albumin 25% (HSA) description

Answer 8

Blood product, plasma volume expander
Intravenous injection
Used to restore and maintain circulating blood volume
Administered after ascites fluid removed (post paracentesis)

Question 9

Albumin 25% (HSA) MOA

Answer 9

Expands plasma volume by withdrawing fluid from interstitial spaces

Question 10

Albumin 25% (HSA) adverse reactions

Answer 10

Hypervolemia (circulatory overload)
Hypersensitivity

Question 11

Signs of fluid overload when administering albumin 25% (HSA)

Answer 11

Monitor for signs of heart failure, pulmonary oedema, and hypertension. Chick vital signs, headache, edema, jugular venous distention, assess lung (crackles) and heart sounds (extra heart sounds), urine output, work of breathing

Question 12

Drug example for potassium sparing diuretic

Answer 12

spironolactone (Aldactone)

Question 13

Potassium sparing diuretic MOA

Answer 13

Blocks the actions of aldosterone in the distal nephron (aldosterone normally promotes sodium uptake and potassium secretion)
Leads to retention of potassium and increased excretion of sodium

Question 14

Indications for potassium sparing diuretic

Answer 14

Used for treatment of ascites and peripheral edema, liver cirrhosis, heart failure, hypokalemia, hypertension

Question 15

Adverse effects of potassium sparing diuretic

Answer 15

Hyperkalemia
Hypotension
Allergic reaction
Diarrhea/ abdominal cramping

Question 16

Signs of hyperkalemia

Answer 16

Paresthesia
Muscle weakness
Fatigue
Bradycardia
Arrythmias
Shock